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2000
Volume 26, Issue 3
  • ISSN: 1389-2002
  • E-ISSN: 1875-5453

Abstract

Introduction

Lornoxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug belonging to the oxicam class. This study aimed to develop a niosomal gel containing orange oil for improving the anti-inflammatory effect of lornoxicam.

Methods

Lornoxicam-loaded niosomes (LOR-OR-NIO) were prepared using film hydration followed by the sonication method. Particle size, entrapment efficiency, and permeation were all considered during the optimization of the niosomal gels by employing the Box-Behnken design. Dermatokinetics and anti-inflammatory studies were performed using male Wistar rats.

Results

The particle size, entrapment efficiency, and skin permeation ability of the optimized LOR-OR-NIO formulation were found to be 354.3 nm, 83.56%, and 105.63 µg/cm2, respectively. The studies indicated that the optimized LOR-OR-NIO gel demonstrated superior drug penetration properties (105.43 µg/cm2) compared to both the LOR-NIO gel (69.23 µg/cm2) and the LOR gel (35.34 µg/cm2). The activation energy values of LOR gel, LOR-NIO gel, and LOR-OR-NIO gel were 2.74 Kcal mol-1, 1.93 Kcal mol-1, and 0.94 Kcal mol-1, respectively.

Discussion

The lower activation energy of the LOR-OR-NIO gel contributed to more skin penetration of the drug. Dermatokinetics investigation demonstrated that the LOR-OR-NIO gel had superior penetration in the epidermal and dermal areas compared to the LOR gel. anti-inflammatory studies indicated that the LOR-OR-NIO gel exhibited greater edema inhibition compared to both the LOR-NIO gel and LOR gel. These results demonstrated the enhanced anti-inflammatory activity of the LOR-OR-NIO gel.

Conclusion: The study concluded that

orange oil enhanced skin permeability and influenced the dermatokinetics of the LOR-OR-NIO gel, leading to an improvement in anti-inflammatory properties..

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2026-02-02

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Influence of Orange Oil on Skin Permeability, Dermatokinetics, and In Vivo Anti-inflammatory Properties of Lornoxicam-loaded Niosomal Gel
Current Drug Metabolism 26, 208 (2025); https://doi.org/10.2174/0113892002368281250630073115
/content/journals/cdm/10.2174/0113892002368281250630073115
/content/journals/cdm/10.2174/0113892002368281250630073115
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keyword(s): dermatokinetics; in vivo studies; Lornoxicam; niosomes; optimization; orange oil

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