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image of Restoring Immune Balance in Allergic Airway Inflammation: Yanghe Pingchuan Granules Regulate Th17/Treg via PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway

Abstract

Introduction

Allergic airway inflammation (AAI), an asthma-like condition, is characterized by Th17/Treg imbalance and PD-1/PD-L1 pathway dysregulation. Yanghe Pingchuan Granules (YP) formulation is clinically used to treat asthma, but its immunomodulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods

Using an AAI rat model, the effects of YP were assessed. Flow cytometry was carried out to analyze Th17/Treg proportions. Additionally, the expression levels of Foxp3, ROR?t, IL-10, IL-17, and TGF-1 were measured. PD-L1 siRNA knockdown and overexpression studies were performed to elucidate the role of the pathway.

Results

YP treatment restored the Th17/Treg balance by reducing Th17 and increasing Treg cells. It upregulated IL-10 and TGF-1 while downregulating IL-17. YP inhibited the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, correlating with improved immune balance and reduced inflammation. PD-L1 modulation confirmed its role in mediating the effects of YP on cellular and cytokine profiles.

Discussion

The findings indicated that the therapeutic action of YP involves modulation of the Th17/Treg imbalance, likely through inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway, thereby shifting thecytokine milieu from a pro- to an anti-inflammatory state.

Conclusion

YP alleviates AAI by modulating the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway to restore Th17/Treg balance and suppress inflammation, thereby revealing its potential immunomodulatory mechanism.

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2026-01-09
2026-01-29

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Restoring Immune Balance in Allergic Airway Inflammation: Yanghe Pingchuan Granules Regulate Th17/Treg via PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073412055251107212524
/content/journals/cchts/10.2174/0113862073412055251107212524
/content/journals/cchts/10.2174/0113862073412055251107212524
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: Th17/Treg imbalance ; inflammation ; allergic airway inflammation ; Yanghe pingchuan granules ; PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway ; asthma

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