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Abstract

Introduction

Limited treatments for silicosis necessitate further study of pneumoconiosis characteristics and pathophysiology. This study employs metabolomics to investigate metabolite changes and identify biomarkers for understanding pneumoconiosis pathogenesis.

Methods

18 healthy SPF male SD rats were divided into three groups: control, coal dust, and silica. Rats were exposed to coal dust, silica, or sterile saline for 8 weeks, after which blood, lung tissue, and feces were collected. Lung pathology was assessed, and inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-11) were measured. 16S rDNA sequencing and UHPLC-QTOFMS metabolomics were used to analyze intestinal flora and fecal metabolites.

Results

After 8 weeks of dust exposure, silica-exposed rats showed significantly reduced weight and elevated serum IL-6 and IL-11 levels compared to controls (P < 0.05). Lung tissue pathology revealed silica group rats exhibited lung damage, intensified inflammation, and silicon nodule formation. Coal dust group rats showed lung tissue changes with fibroblast aggregation. ? diversity analysis showed decreased Shannon index and increased Simpson index in the coal dust group, and a decreased Simpson index in the silica group. ? diversity analysis confirmed significant differences in gut microbiota between dust-exposed groups and controls. Metabolomics identified 11 differential metabolites in rat feces, meeting criteria of Fold change > 2, VIP > 1, and P < 0.05.

Conclusion

Dust exposure disrupts intestinal flora and metabolic state, with potential metabolic markers identified in both coal dust and silica groups, implicating fructose and mannose metabolism in coal dust exposure and sphingolipid metabolism in silica exposure.

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2025-04-07
2025-11-07

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The Gut Microbiome and Metabolomics Profiles of Dust-exposed Rats
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0113862073354023250314050225
/content/journals/cchts/10.2174/0113862073354023250314050225
/content/journals/cchts/10.2174/0113862073354023250314050225
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: Pneumoconiosis ; silica exposure ; inflammatory factors ; metabolomics ; potential biomarkers ; intestinal flora

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