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image of MicroRNA miR-155 and miR-21 as Biomarkers in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis and the Healing Process: A Mini Review

Abstract

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is still a great challenge in the public health domain to this day. Sputum collection from TB patients followed by an examination of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) is a common diagnostic tool routinely done; however, it could lead to false negative results when the patient excretes saliva instead of sputum. Meanwhile, bacterial culture, which is the gold standard, is time- and labor-consuming. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of RNA that is small (18-25 nucleotides) and controls the function of messenger RNA (mRNA). MicroRNA is the 6th and most recent cell communication pathway discovered, as the secreted miRNAs are encased in exosomes and can circulate throughout the body and can be found in any body fluids including sputum. MiRNAs in TB patients associated with TB infection can be expressed as increased or decreased according to the severity of the infection. MiRNA-155 and 21 are miRNAs with increased expression in active pulmonary TB and decrease in the healing process, so both miRNAs hold the potency to be used as biomarkers to monitor the level of disease activity and the healing process.

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2025-09-15
2025-10-29

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MicroRNA miR-155 and miR-21 as Biomarkers in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis and the Healing Process: A Mini Review
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0122115501395403250908114647
/content/journals/cbiot/10.2174/0122115501395403250908114647
/content/journals/cbiot/10.2174/0122115501395403250908114647
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keywords: sputum ; Biomarker ; pulmonary Tuberculosis ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; miRNA-21 ; miRNA-155

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