Aqueous Humor Dynamic Measurements in Nonhuman Primates
- Authors: Carol B. Toris1, Shan Fan2
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View Affiliations Hide Affiliations1 Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43212, USA 2 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Source: Research Protocols for Ophthalmic Disease Mechanisms and Therapeutics: Glaucoma - Ocular Hypertension , pp 376-388
- Publication Date: August 2025
- Language: English
Aqueous Humor Dynamic Measurements in Nonhuman Primates, Page 1 of 1
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This chapter describes the protocols to noninvasively measure the parameters of aqueous humor dynamics (AHD) in nonhuman primates (NHPs). These parameters define intraocular pressure (IOP) as described in the modified Goldmann equation, and changes to these parameters can alter IOP. Methods to access these parameters are used to study glaucoma and to examine new treatment ideas to lower IOP. The methods to access AHD include measurements of IOP by pneumatonometry, aqueous flow by fluorophotometry, and outflow facility by two methods, tonography and fluorophotometry. Uveoscleral outflow and episcleral venous pressure cannot be measured noninvasively in NHPs. Instead, episcleral venous pressure values in NHPs are obtained from the literature, and uveoscleral outflow is mathematically calculated using the modified Goldmann equation. These methods have been used in NHPs with ocular normotension, naturally occurring glaucoma, and experimental ocular hypertension. Preclinical studies of AHD are often conducted on NHPs before progressing to phase I clinical trials
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