Nanoparticles and Amalgamation of Stem Cells: A Novel Approach of Treatment in Current Medicine

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Stem cells (SCs) are fundamental entities in multicellular organisms, possessing remarkable potential for self-renewal and differentiating into various cell types, including neurocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and hepatocytes. The therapeutic applications of differentiated cells derived from both embryonic and adult SCs hold promise for addressing a spectrum of disorders, ranging from Alzheimer's disease to liver cirrhosis. Despite significant strides in triggering cellular differentiation, the complexities of directing stem cells toward desired cell types remain a formidable challenge. In this context, integrating nanotechnology offers a promising avenue and reproducible therapeutic approach. Recent advancements in the development of inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), metal NPs, and carbon-based NPs, characterized by unique physical and chemical properties, present an opportunity to enhance the differentiation, expansion, and proliferation of stem cells. By leveraging the distinct characteristics of these NPs, researchers can exert control over cellular behaviors and differentiation, thereby augmenting the efficacy of stem cell-based therapeutic approaches. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in leveraging amalgamated stem cells and NP-based systems for clinical translation. By harnessing the synergistic potential of stem cells and NPs, this innovative approach hold