Harnessing Agro-based Biomass for Sustainable Thermal Energy Storage with Biochar Polymer Nanocomposites

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Food loss due to wastage is a severe issue for the entire world. Wastage accounts for up to one-third of lost food output globally. Although there are various ways to turn food waste into useful functional materials, landfilling is still a frequent practice. This results in greenhouse gas emissions, which increase the already significant greenhouse gas emissions linked to the agriculture sector. In this review, we start by identifying multiple biomass sources and synthesis methods for biochar made from biomass. This contains methods for the characterization of phase change polymer nanocomposite materials impregnated with biochar. In order to compare the thermal properties of phase change materials and gain an understanding of the various biowastes, a comprehensive methodology was used.