EV Charging Technology

Wireless power transfer (WPT) systems for electric vehicles (EVs) are convenient and safe. In these systems, the inverter generates a high-frequency current and strong magnetic field, which are transferred to a primary compensated network. Simultaneously, the load absorbs power through a pickup compensated network, rectifier, and filter. Two types of WPT charging systems exist: static and dynamic. A static battery charging system stores considerable power during battery charging. This vehicle can be traveled over a long distance by using a heavy electric storage system. For example, the Tesla Model-S electric storage system, which weighs approximately 900 kg, can transfer power of up to 85 kWh, resulting in a driving range of 400 miles. However, a heavy electric storage system has low efficiency and causes pollution. A dynamic battery charging system has a smaller battery, lower weight, and higher efficiency than a static charging system. However, dynamic battery charging systems must be supported by integrated infrastructure, such as numerous grounded chargers. The source of power for static and dynamic charging is the power grid. Grid power mainly originates from centralized power factories, which generate power and emissions through the burning of fossil fuels. Renewable energy sources for powering EVs include sunlight, wind, rain droplets, static electricity, free lifting force, and regenerative brakes during driving. These renewable power source can be developed over the next decade years.