Renin-Angiotensin System and Cardiovascular Physiology
- Authors: Maria Cláudia Irigoyen1, Kátia De Angelis2, Ivana Cinthya de Moraes da Silva3, Silvia Lacchini4, Janaina Barcellos Ferreira5, Kátia Bilhar Scapini6, Fernanda Marciano Consolim Colombo7
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View Affiliations Hide Affiliations1 University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Heart Institute (InCor), Hypertension Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 2 University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Heart Institute (InCor), Hypertension Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 3 University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Heart Institute (InCor), Hypertension Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 4 University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Heart Institute (InCor), Hypertension Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 5 University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Heart Institute (InCor), Hypertension Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 6 University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Heart Institute (InCor), Hypertension Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil. 7 University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Heart Institute (InCor), Hypertension Unit, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
- Source: New Aspects of the Renin Angiotensin System in Cardiovascular and Renal Diseases , pp 45-78
- Publication Date: November 2016
- Language: English
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Since the discovery of renin at the end of 19th century and the identification of angiotensin I (Ang I) and Angiotensin II (Ang II) seven decades ago, reninangiotensin system (RAS) has been widely studied. The RAS is an important endocrine system that regulates blood pressure and fluid homeostasis. This system is composed of peptides, enzymes and receptors. The RAS plays a key role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. In this sense, Ang II is an important peptide of this system, presenting vasoconstrictor and salt-retaining properties and, at cellular level, promoting proliferation, fibrosis and hypertrophy. This chapter focuses on RAS and cardiovascular physiology addressing to an overview about RAS and cardiovascular disease, RAS and its relation with elevated blood pressure, sympathetic overactivity, cardiac hypertrophy, endothelial and vascular dysfunctions, and immune response activation, as well as the physiological basis of RAS inhibitors and cardiovascular disease treatment.
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