Bentham Science Publishers

This reference reviews the reported literature on new approaches of nanocomposite material preparation and their applications in the development of physical, chemical, electrochemical, biological, fluorescence and colorimetric sensors. Sensor nanomaterials have been extensively used to amplify signals in the detection of a range of chemicals including toxic gases, biochemical nutrients, ions, explosives, pesticides and drugs to name a few. 14 chapter contributions highlight state-of-the-art sensors in recent years by outlining the synthesis, role and progress of nanocomposite materials in fabricating flexible and multifunctional sensing platforms in sensor technologies.

Chapters first introduce the reader to nanocomposite materials and their role in making a wide array of sensors including metal-organic, graphene-based and polymeric sensors. The chapters then progress into applications of sensors for the detection of chemicals such as blood glucose, heavy metal and other toxic ions, hydrazine, humidity and explosive. Each chapter explains the required materials for electrodes and material components for a specific sensor platform with additional information about sample collection, threshold values and perspectives where appropriate.

The book is intended as a compilation of knowledge for designing novel nanocomposite materials to be used as sensing platforms in sensor technologies. It serves as an informative resource for a broad range of readers including graduates and post-graduates, Ph. D. scholars, faculty members and professionals working in the area of material science, the healthcare industry, biological sciences, medical sciences, and environmental sciences.

Nanoelectronics Devices: Design, Materials, and Applications provides information about the progress of nanomaterial and nanoelectronic devices and their applications in diverse fields (including semiconductor electronics, biomedical engineering, energy production and agriculture). The book is divided into two parts. The editors have included a blend of basic and advanced information with references to current research. The book is intended as an update for researchers and industry professionals in the field of electronics and nanotechnology. It can also serve as a reference book for students taking advanced courses in electronics and technology. The editors have included MCQs for evaluating the readers' understanding of the topics covered in the book.

Topics covered in Part 1 include basic knowledge on nanoelectronics with examples of testing different device parameters.

- The present, past, and future of nanoelectronics,

- An introduction to Nanoelectronics and applicability of Moore's law

- Transport of charge carrier, electrode, and measurement of device parameters

- Fermi level adjustment in junction less transistor,

- Non-polar devices and their simulation

- The negative capacitance in MOSFET devices

- Effect of electrode in the device operation

- Second and Sixth group semiconductors,

- FinFET principal and future, Electronics and optics integration for fast processing and data communication

- Batteryless photo detectors

- Solar cell fabrication and applications

- Van der Waals assembled nanomaterials

Nanoscience is a multidisciplinary area of science which enables researchers to create tools that help in understanding the mechanisms related to the interactions between nanomaterials and biomolecules (nanotechnology). Nanomaterials represent nanotechnology products. These products have an enormous impact on technical industries and the quality of human life. Nanomaterials directly or indirectly have to interact with biosystems. It is, therefore, essential to understand the beneficial and harmful interactions of nanomaterials with and within a biosystem, especially with reference to humans.

This book provides primary and advanced information concerning the interactions between nanomaterials and the components of a typical biosystem to readers. Chapters in the book cover, in a topic-based approach, the many facets of nanomolecular interactions with biological molecules and systems that influence their behavior, bioavailability and biocompatibility (including nucleic acids, cell membranes, tissues, enzymes and antibodies). A note on the applications of nanomaterials is also presented in the conclusion of the book to illustrate the usefulness of this class of materials.

The contents of the book will benefit students, researchers, and technicians involved in the fields of biological sciences, such as cell biology, medicine, molecular biology, food technology, cosmetology, pharmacology, biotechnology, and environmental sciences. The book also provides information for the material science personnel, enabling them to understand the basics of target-oriented nanomaterials design for specific objectives.

Nanotechnology is a diverse science that has brought about new applications in fields such as colloidal science, device physics and supra molecular chemistry.

Environmental pollution treatment by nanomaterials is an emerging application of nanotechnology. It is gaining importance because of the increased environmental challenges due to the impact of modern industrial activities. Industrial activity involves the production and use of various toxic organic and inorganic chemicals which pollute nearby water streams, indirectly influencing aquatic and human life. Thus, there is a need to protect the environment through the development of new technologies and by enacting awareness drives for environmental sustainability. This volume summarizes cutting-edge research on nanomaterial utilization for environmental challenges.

Chapters introduce readers to the concepts of environmental protection, sustainability and monitoring. Readers will also learn about technologies used for keeping the environment safer, including ion exchangers, metallic oxide complexes, nanocomposite materials, porous membranes and nanocatalysts.

This volume is intended to be an introductory reference for students and researchers undertaking advanced courses in materials science, environmental science and engineering, giving readers a glimpse into the fascinating world of nanotechnology.

Nanomaterials in Glioblastoma Research, Diagnosis, and Therapy offers a comprehensive exploration of how nanotechnology is revolutionizing the fight against glioblastoma (GBM), one of the deadliest and most treatment-resistant brain cancers. The book covers the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying GBM, laying the foundation for innovative strategies in diagnosis and therapy. It highlights cutting-edge advances, including nanomaterial-based biosensors for early diagnosis, biomaterials to enhance immunotherapy, and novel therapeutic approaches like gold nanoparticles, cold plasma, and combinational nanomedicine. The book also addresses critical challenges such as overcoming the blood-brain barrier through oral delivery nanostructures and provides future perspectives on clinical applications.

Key Features:

- Insights into GBM genetics, epigenetics, and molecular pathways.

- Applications of nanomaterials in drug delivery, imaging, and immunotherapy.

- Detailed coverage of advanced diagnostics and therapeutic strategies.

- Future directions and challenges in nanotechnology-based GBM treatment.

This book explains various methods needed to overcome the challenges faced during environmental remediation with a focus on nanotechnology. The book comprises ten edited chapters that aim to inform and educate readers about recent technologies that are beneficial for pollution control.

Starting with an introduction to environmental remediation, the book covers innovative nanomaterials including spinel nanoferrites, carbonaceous quantum dots, carbon nanotubes and nanobioadsorbents. In addition to highlighting the environmental benefits of these materials, the book includes chapters on the potential of nanotechnology for harnessing the environment to generate energy through nanogenerators and piezoelectric energy harvesting devices.

Key features of the book include notes on fundamental issues and challenges regarding environmental remediation, easy to read content with pictorial illustrations and scholarly references for each chapter. The book is an informative resource for students and academicians in science, technology and environmental science discipline.

The development of a vector for the delivery of therapeutic drugs in a controlled and targeted fashion is still a major challenge in the treatment of many diseases. The conventional application of drugs may lead to many limitations including poor distribution, limited effectiveness, lack of selectivity and dose dependent toxicity. An efficient drug delivery system can address these problems. Recent nanotechnology advancements in the biomedical field have the potential to meet these challenges in developing drug delivery systems. Nanomaterials are changing the biomedical platform in terms of disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Nanomaterials aided drug delivery provides an advantage by enhancing aqueous solubility that leads to improved bioavailability, increased resistance time in the body, decreased side effects by targeting drugs to the specific location, reduced dose dependent toxicity and protection of drugs from early release.

In this two-part book, the contributors have compiled reports of recent studies illustrating the promising nanomaterials that can work as drug carriers which can navigate conventional physiological barriers. A detailed account of several types of nanomaterials including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers, micelles, carbon nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles, solid lipid-based nanoparticles, silica nanomaterials and hydrogels for drug delivery is provided in separate chapters. The contributors also present a discussion on clinical aspects of ongoing research with insights towards future prospects of specific nanotechnologies.

Part II covers the following topics:

· Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers

· Silica based nanomaterials

· Hydrogels

· Metallic nanoparticles

· Computational and experimental binding interactions of drug and β-cyclodextrin

· Clinical milestones in nanotherapeutics

· Drug delivery systems based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and its copolymers

The book set is an informative resource for scholars who seek updates in nanomedicine with reference to nanomaterials used in drug delivery systems.

Frontiers in Nanomedicine offers an up-to-date understanding of nanomaterials to readers having clinical or biomolecular research interests. Scientists, both aspiring and experienced, will find, in each volume, a comprehensive overview of current molecular strategies for using nanoscale materials in medicine.

Nanomedicine and Neurosciences: Advantages, Limitations and Safety Aspects presents different aspects of nanomedicine applied to neuroscience for the diagnosis of disease and the role of nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery systems for neurodegenerative disorders. Topics covered in this volume cover the physiology of neurodegeneration, targeted therapies for Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, blood brain barrier drug delivery systems, in vivo studies of drug nanoconjugates, nanomedicine safety, and more.

This book explains key concepts and applications of nanotechnology in clinical medicine and pharmacology. The chapters have been contributed by experts and provide a broad perspective about the current and future developments in pharmacology, toxicology, cell biology, and materials science. The book is divided into 2 main sections. The first section concerns nanobiotechnology for human health including gastrointestinal disease, kidney diseases, pulmonary disorders, reproductive system, COVID-19, and cancer. The second section is devoted to toxicological aspects of nanomaterials which involve toxicological assessments of nanotherapeutics and potential solutions for nanotoxicology. Key Features - Emphasizes the high degree of interdisciplinary research in pharmacology, toxicology and nanoscience - Summarizes the results of theoretical, methodological, and practical studies in different medical subspecialties - includes special topics such as novel nanotoxicology assessment methods and nano vaccines - Includes references for further reading

Burns can cause life-threatening injury and the lengthy hospitalization and rehabilitations required in burn therapy lead to higher healthcare costs. The risk of infection has also been one of the important concerns of burn wound management. The purpose of the burn wound care management is speedy wound healing and epithelization to limit the infection. The topical application of therapeutic agents is quintessential for the longevity of patients having significant burns.

In recent times, research on herbal medicine for burn wound management has been vastly increased because of their safer toxicological profiles in contrast to synthetic medicines. Despite the promising therapeutic potential of herbal medicines in this area, herbal medications have some limitations which include low pharmacological activity, solubility and stability. Nanotechnology-based smart drug delivery approaches which involve the use of small molecules as nanocarriers, however, can help to overcome these biopharmaceutical challenges.

This book provides an overview of plant-mediated metallic nanoparticulate systems and nanophytomedicine based therapeutic treatment modalities for burn wound lesions. Nine chapters deliver updated information about nanomedicines for burn wound therapy. Contributions are written by experts in nanomedicine and phytomedicine and collectively cover the pathophysiology of wound lesions, current and future outlook of nanomedicine based treatments for burn wound lesions, the role of biocompatible nanomaterials in burn wound management, plant-mediated synthesis of metal nanoparticles for treating burn wound sepsis, phytomedicine based nanoformulations and the phyto-informatics models involved in the wound healing process which are used to select appropriate nanotherapeutic agents.

This reference serves as an accessible source of information on the topic of nanomedicine for burn treatments for all healthcare professionals (medical doctors, nurses, students trainees) and researchers in allied fields (pharmacology, phytomedicine) who are interested in this area of medicine.

This book provides a compressive overview of nanotechnology in modern drug discovery for students and researchers. The book starts with the fundamentals of nanotechnology followed by nanomaterials in pharmaceutical drug design, drug delivery applications, regulatory aspects, formulation and nanoparticle biotransformation. It provides a step by step guide through the drug development process while conveying information about the benefits of nanomaterials for therapy. The book concludes with perspective on the future of nanotechnology-based drug discovery, summarizing current knowledge on nanotherapeutics and translational medicine.

Key Features

- Explains the fundamentals of nanotechnology in drug discovery

- Includes up-to-date information on modern nanopharmaceutical manufacturing, nanomaterials, and nanoparticle-based drug therapy

- Practice questions for learners and a list of references for advanced readers for each chapter

Nanotechnology: A Quick Guide to Materials and Technologies invites readers to explore the cutting-edge world of nanotechnology, offering a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to this rapidly evolving field. The content provides a foundation for understanding the field and details the properties of significant nanomaterials. Readers will also gain insights into innovative processes while receiving a balanced perspective on the social and regulatory aspects of nanotechnology.

Key Features:

Foundational Knowledge: Begins with an overview of nanotechnology, its history, and its key concepts,

Diverse Nanomaterials: Explores various types of nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanowires, and carbon-based materials like graphene, detailing their properties and potential applications.

Advanced Applications: Explores the real-world uses of nanotechnology across multiple sectors, such as medicine, electronics, energy, and environmental science, demonstrating its transformative impact.

Fabrication and Characterization: Covers techniques for creating and analyzing nanomaterials, offering insights into the processes that drive innovation in the field.

Ethical and Societal Considerations: Discusses the broader implications of nanotechnology, including ethical, societal, and regulatory aspects

Ideal for students, educators, researchers, and industry professionals, this guide serves as an informative resource for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of nanotechnology.

Advances in technology have enabled medicinal chemists to discover and formulate several highly specific, biocompatible, and non-toxic therapeutic agents for clinical applications. Nanotechnology has achieved significant progress in the last few decades and is crucial in every field of science and technology. Nanotechnology-based pharmaceuticals offer multifaceted and alternative methodologies in comparison to the limitations of many conventional clinical therapies. Expertise in designing and developing nanoformulations has helped in targeted drug delivery. Recently, the use of innovative therapeutic agents, particularly in nanomedicine, has accounted for a significant portion of the global pharmaceutical market and is predicted to continue to grow rapidly in the near future. Nanotherapeutic Strategies and New Pharmaceuticals is an accessible multi-part reference which informs the reader about several new techniques based on nanotechnology. The chapters explain relevant topics in detail. The book is designed to encourage and help undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate students in the field of nanotherapeutics, pharmaceuticals and bio-organic chemistry through the use of didactic language and simple illustrations. Part 2 of this book covers the potential of nanotherapeutics and natural therapies for treating neurological diseases, targeting ion channels, signal transduction therapy, gene therapy of single gene mutation diseases and for nanoformulations for special purposes such as wound healing and stimuli-responsive drug delivery. The book also features a chapter that summarizes the types of nanoparticles tailored for specific molecular targets that mediate different diseases. The book set serves as a textbook for students in pharmacology and medical biochemistry, as well as a quick reference for researchers on bio-organic chemistry, as well as general readers interested in nanomedicine.

Plants have been widely used to treat diseases, owing to the presence of bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) which play important roles in health promotion and disease prevention. In recent years, advances in chemical extraction techniques, lifestyle and dietary choices for human health have increased the interest in the consumption and study of fruits, vegetables, and foods enriched with bioactive compounds and nutraceuticals. Thousands of dietary phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, glucosinolates, terpenes and alkaloids, have been identified and categorized further according to a diverse array of biochemical properties. Many of these phytochemicals have been hypothesized to reduce the risk of several pathological conditions which include life threatening diseases such as heart disease and cancer, to name a few.

Natural Bioactive Compounds from Fruits and Vegetables as Health Promoters is a 2 book set which presents a summary of different classes of phytochemicals commonly found in common edible food sources. Each chapter details the general chemical structures of compounds, naturally present in specific fruits, vegetables and grains, their biological importance and mechanisms of action.

The book set is an essential handbook for anyone interested in the natural product chemistry of these common crops.

Part 1 of this set covers details about different fruits (banana, citrus fruits, pears, etc.). Part 2 covers legumes, nuts, seeds and cereals.

In nature lies the solution to restore teeth with minimal damage. In this groundbreaking book, the management of dental challenges is presented from a new perspective. Natural Conservative Dentistry: An Alternative Approach to Solve Restorative Problems provides evidence-based solutions to dental challenges to researchers, practitioners and dental service providers. The main attribute of all these solutions is that they are all derived from natural ingredients. Natural ingredients are an effective alternative for dental care and management in contrast to synthetic products that have multiple side effects.

This book fills a knowledge gap on alternative and sustainable solutions derived from nature to respond effectively to dental challenges encountered in dental treatment for the conservation of the tooth. It is a compilation of the work of expert dentists that has been carried out in clinics for the management of dental problems.

Key Features

- Provides an insightful look at the prevention of dental diseases through evidence-based interventions using natural products in 9 referenced chapters

- Contains valuable contributions in restorative dentistry, such as caries prevention, enamel and dentin remineralization, dentin biomodification, dentin desensitization, vital pulp therapy, antioxidants, and tooth bleaching

- Provides an update on the current status of different ingredients used in oral health care products developed for commercial markets

- Includes notes on pathophysiology and diagnosis on specific conditions and sources of natural ingredients

The book is a valuable reference for trainees and professionals who want to enhance their restorative dentistry practice in the clinic.

Natural Immunomodulators: Promising Therapy for Disease Management discusses the use of natural immunomodulators as a promising therapy for managing various diseases. The book begins with an introduction to the immune system and the ways in which it can be modulated. This is followed by a discussion on the various diseases and disorders associated with the immune system, including autoimmune disorders, allergies, and immune deficiency conditions. The natural sources of immunomodulators, including plants, herbs, and other natural substances is also explained along with the importance of standardizing natural immunomodulator drugs, including the methods used to ensure their quality and consistency. The book also delves into the chemistry and analytical techniques used to study immunomodulators, clinical and pre-clinical bioassays. The next couple of chapters focus on the use of natural immunomodulators in cancer, the therapy of cancer and infectious diseases. Drug delivery and the strategy and regulatory perspective for natural immunomodulators. The final 2 chapters round up the contents with information about synthetic immunomodulators and the future perspective for the use of immunomodulators in disease management. Natural Immunomodulators: Promising Therapy for Disease Management is a comprehensive guide to the use of natural immunomodulators as a therapy for various diseases, and is a valuable resource for professionals and students interested in this topic. The book is aimed at health care professionals such as medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and life science and nutritionist professionals, as well as students.

Natural Products for Skin Diseases: A Treasure Trove for Dermatologic Therapy is an enlightening journey through the realm of natural remedies for various skin diseases. The editors have compiled information on effective and holistic treatment approaches that can be applied in clinical settings. This book brings diverse range of topics, including skin protection against harmful radiation, natural remedies for burns and wounds, management of skin pigmentation issues, and herbal treatments for scabies. It also explores the potential of natural cosmetics and their future applications, along with the use of natural products and nanoparticles in skin delivery. All chapters are contributed by experts in dermatology and herbal medicine, and are supplemented with scientific references for advanced readers. The book primarily serves as a textbook for students in medicine and dermatologists in training. It also serves as a valuable guide for dermatologists, researchers, and healthcare professionals, revealing the treasure trove of benefits that natural products offer for treating skin diseases.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory complication and affects approximately 1 % of the global population. It affects three times more women than men. RA is an autoimmune disorder elicited by exposure of genetic factors from the host to unknown antigens causing arthritogenic complaints. It also includes the activation of lymphocytes as well as CD4+ helper T cells along with the local release of chronic inflammatory mediators and cytokines like tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and various cytokines like interleukins (IL) that enormously affect the joints. The available allopathic therapies for RA are not a cure for the complications, and antibody therapy and surgical procedures are expensive.

However, in the present era, researchers and healthcare professionals have moved toward natural medicines obtained from plants and other natural sources. Research-based on developments in phytomedicine has progressed steadily. Evidence has been collected to show the massive therapeutic potential of medicinal plants used in various traditional systems against many pathological complications. Researchers have focused on the therapeutic potential of natural products used for treatment and counteracting various disorders along with their complications having negligible adverse effects.

Natural Products for the Management of Arthritic Disorders compiles current knowledge about the bioactive compounds and herbal formulations useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. 11 chapters explain the role of natural products in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Topics have been contributed by experts in medicinal chemistry and rheumatology.

The book first introduces the reader to rheumatoid arthritis before delving into conventional and alternative therapies for the disease. The editors have also included special topics such as the biomarkers for RA, cytokines and anti-inflammatory mediators, and preclinical and clinical studies. The range of topics should provide a comprehensive overview of natural remedies for arthritis and the role of natural products in anti-arthritic drug development.

The information will be useful for many readers including medical and pharmacology students, multidisciplinary research scholars, scientists, pharma/herbal/food industrialists, and policy makers.

Natural compounds continue to play a key role in drug development. Many clinically approved drugs are either unmodified natural products or their semi-synthetic derivatives. This book series presents reviews of exciting new bioactive natural products that have huge potential as drugs. Each volume presents comprehensive chapters contributed by eminent scientists. The volumes focus on drug candidates which are in the later stages of drug development and are being evaluated in clinical trials. The series, therefore, highlights the importance of natural products in our lives.

The second volume covers the following topics:

- A review of recent patents and natural products in clinical trials to treat schistosomiasis

- Natural products: the new intervention regimen for metabolic disorders

- Fluorine-containing drugs and drug candidates derived from natural products

- Natural products for the management of cardiovascular diseases

- Implication of natural compounds for the prevention of ocular diseases

A comprehensive and practice-oriented exploration of blockchain technology, tracing its evolution from Bitcoin to Ethereum and beyond. This volume explains blockchain's foundational principles, such as decentralization, immutability, and cryptographic security, before moving into real-world applications across finance, supply chain management, healthcare, governance, and emerging tech ecosystems.

With contributions from leading researchers and practitioners, the book examines both opportunities and challenges ranging from scalability and energy consumption to regulatory clarity and security. Readers also gain insights into cutting-edge developments like smart contracts, decentralized finance (DeFi), identity systems, Layer 2 solutions, DAOs, and blockchain's synergy with IoT and AI.

Key Features

Explains the core principles of blockchain, from decentralization to cryptographic security.

Traces the evolution from Bitcoin and Ethereum to DeFi, smart contracts, and dApps.

Demonstrates applications across finance, healthcare, supply chain, governance, and identity management.

Addresses pressing challenges, including scalability, energy use, regulatory frameworks, and security threats.

Explores future trends like interoperability, DAOs, Layer 2 solutions, and integration with IoT and AI.

Navigating through Technology in Modern Education explores the transformative impact of digital innovation in education. From introducing digital transformation to discussing the benefits and challenges, this book covers crucial topics like e-learning, artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things in education. With insights into factors for adopting technology and tailored learning experiences, this book equips readers with the knowledge to navigate the evolving landscape of modern education. Whether you're a seasoned educator or a newcomer, this book offers valuable insights into leveraging technology for enhanced learning experiences.

Agent technology has generated lots of excitement in the past decade. Currently, multi-agent systems (MAS) composed of autonomous agents representing individuals or organizations and capable of reaching mutually beneficial agreements through negotiation and argumentation are becoming increasingly important and pervasive.

Research on both automated negotiation and argumentation in MAS has a vigorous, exciting tradition. However, efforts to integrate both areas have received only selective attention in the academia and the practitioner literature. A symbiotic relationship could significantly strengthen each area's progress and trigger new R&D challenges and prospects toward the advancement of automated negotiators and argumentation tools.

Negotiation and Argumentation in Multi-Agent Systems presents the current state-of-the-art on the theory and practice of automated negotiation and argumentation in MAS. The eBook encourages the interaction between these two areas in data modelling and attempts to converge them toward mutual enhancement and synergism. Equally, the monograph brings together researchers and industry practitioners specialized in these areas to share R&D results and discuss existing and emerging theoretical and applied problems.

This book is intended as a textbook for graduate courses and a reference book for researchers, advanced-level students in Computers Science, and IT practitioners.

Clinical chemistry is a science that requires specific knowledge and teaching. The e-book covers several topics in clinical nephrology. Patients suffering from severe chronic kidney disease may be quasi asymptomatic. This lack of overt symptomatology suggests that clinical laboratory tests are of the highest importance. Clinicians treating patients and clinical biologists operating in laboratories are often far apart from each other. They have a lot of things to share and to learn from each other. This e-book bridges the gap between these two groups of health professionals.

This book dives into the heart of how to design distributed control architectures for heterogeneous teams of humans, robots, and automated systems, enabling them to achieve greater cooperation and autonomy through the use of network technologies. It provides a wide range of practical, proven strategies for pervasive communication and collaborative problem solving abilities of humans, robots, and their environments. Each chapter consists of a presentation of findings from the latest research in networked robots and ambient intelligence. The chapters also detail how to allow robots to achieve universal access to the extended functionality of the environment that brings various cost effective services to those in need. Readers can envision a realistic view of what can be expected from a networked human robot cooperative environment in the next decade.