RESULTS:
1 - 4 of 4 for ""counterfeiting""
Nutraceuticals’ Novel Formulations: The Good, the Bad, the Unknown and Patents Involved
Traditional nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals hold pragmatic nature with respect to their definitions claims purposes and marketing strategies. Their definitions are not well established worldwide. They also have different regulatory definitions and registration regulatory processes in different parts of the world. Global prevalence of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals is noticeably high with large market share with minimal regulation compared to traditional drugs. The global market is flooded with nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals claiming to be of natural origin and sold with a therapeutic claim by major online retail stores such as Amazon and eBay. Apart from the traditional formulations many manufacturers and researchers use novel formulation technologies in nutraceutical and cosmeceutical formulations for different reasons and objectives. Manufacturers tend to differentiate their products with novel formulations to increase market appeal and sales. On the other hand researchers use novel strategies to enhance nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals activity and safety. The objective of this review is to assess the current patents and research adopting novel formulation strategies in nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals. Patents and research papers investigating nutraceutical and cosmeceutical novel formulations were surveyed for the past 15 years. Various nanosystems and advanced biotechnology systems have been introduced to improve the therapeutic efficacy safety and market appeal of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals including liposomes polymeric micelles quantum dots nanoparticles and dendrimers. This review provides an overview of nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals current technologies highlighting their pros cons misconceptions regulatory definitions and market. This review also aims in separating the science from fiction in the nutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals development research and marketing.
A Critical Scientific Review on Withania somnifera, Garcinia cambogia and Curcumin Supplements: Food Forensics Perspective
Abstract: Food forensics is an emerging branch that applies scientific knowledge for the verification and authentication of food supplements. The term “dietary supplement” refers to a diverse set of preparations that are deemed to be essential for the well-being of the human body. These supplements consist of various physiologically active substances that produce effects on the body. However a major issue with these supplements is that they are neither considered as medicines nor as a food products. Due to this such food supplements are prone to adulteration and counterfeiting. In this review three widely used supplements namely Curcuma longa Withania somnifera and Garcinia cambogia supplements are considered. Chemistry pharmacology and benefits of three are being discussed along with the analytical techniques for their analysis. Chromatographic techniques are popular for the examination of dietary supplements. Several such analytical techniques are being used to detect and identify the physiologically active constituents as well as adulterants in dietary products. This review intends to demonstrate the overall issues regarding dietary supplements.
Global Quality
Current pharmaceutical quality requires a global approach based on a quality system established on GMP and on risk analysis. Quality can be only ensured if hazards are identified and controlled to be kept at an acceptable risk level. Consequently nowadays quality audits are not seen anymore as a simple compilation of checklist questions (yes/no/n. a.) but as an investigation to see if existing problems are detected and solved/controlled satisfactorily. This requires good knowledge and deep analysis on processes and products. As for the rest it is also necessary to ensure that those pharmaceutical products which are dispatched from the warehouse after being certified and released maintain their quality when they reach their final consumers. Thus it has been paid progressively attention to the hazards that waylay them in the often very complex distribution chain including the risk of theft and counterfeiting. Taking into account the successful experience of GMP equivalent GDPs (good distribution practices) have been developed. It is also necessary to ensure the soundness of studies on drug products which are performed in different laboratories. And this requires a homogeneous quality approach. This is why following again the same track GLP (good laboratory practice) was prepared. And finally it is necessary to bear in mind that once a drug product has been licensed it is used by much more people than when it was tested during development and this opens the door to unexpected reactions. Thus a pharmacovigilance system is necessary to keep updated its benefit-risk safety profile.
Introducing the Particular World of Pharmaceuticals
Pharmaceuticals are specialized products because of their characteristics and use and also because of their meticulous regulation. A failure in the quality of a pharmaceutical can put life at risk. Consequently a specialized manufacturing standard (GMP) is applied with the intention of ensuring quality. Although still different GMP texts exist there is a steady effort towards their harmonization. GMP is not just practical pharmaceutical common sense but also a guideline which determines the organization of a pharmaceutical plant. The aim of the pharmaceutical industry is not only manufacturing products with the purported quality but also delivering them to the patients timely and without any loss of quality. This is why attention should be paid to the whole supply chain of pharmaceuticals and thus complementary standards (GSP GDPs and GTDP) have been developed. The globalization of the pharmaceutical market has not only supposed an increase in complexity of the supply chains but also of contract manufacturing or analysis (outsourcing). Keeping under control such a complex and global market is not easy and this explains why counterfeiting has become a significant matter of concern.