RESULTS:

The oral route is the most typical way to provide medication due to its benefits including non-invasiveness patient compliance and ease of medication delivery. One of the most often recommended pharmacological groups for the treatment of pain and inflammatory disease is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines. However the major side effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines is PUD (peptic ulcer disease). An imbalance in the action of gastroprotective and aggressive agents causes gastric ulcers. Gastroprotective mechanisms include the mucus layer mucosal repair capacity gastric epithelium and gastric blood flow. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on gastroprotective mechanisms. As discussed mucin acts as a filter and gastric epithelial defenses include the cell barrier stem cells and a sensor on the mucosal surface.