Inflammatory Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review

Interest in the association between inflammation and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing. During the last 20 years, classical markers have shown an important association between inflammation and mortality in all stages of CKD. Newly discovered biomarkers can help to predict the course of CKD and identify patients at risk of cardiovascular disease and death. They may also come to play an important role in preventing CKD and it complications. In this review, we summarize the most relevant inflammatory biomarkers and examine their role in diagnosis and prognosis. Also, new relevant patents are described in order to provide an idea for future developments.