Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery - Online First
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21 - 22 of 22 results
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Prevention of Chemotherapy-related Oral Mucositis by Topical Timolol: A Prospective Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial in Cancer Patients
Available online: 24 January 2025More LessBackgroundTimolol is a beta-adrenergic blocker that has been shown to be effective in the healing of wounds. Oral mucositis (OM), an acute inflammation of the oral mucosa, is a bothersome side effect of some regimens of chemotherapy in which the oral mucosa becomes ulcerated. The current study aimed to evaluate the prophylactic effects of timolol mouthwash in preventing OM in adult patients receiving chemotherapy compared to the placebo.
MethodsThis randomized, double-blind trial was conducted on 30 adult patients receiving chemotherapy regimen, including doxorubicin or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either timolol 0.5% (w/v) (n = 15) or placebo (n = 15) mouthwash 5 ml three times per day. The outcomes of the study were the intensity of OM evaluated by the World Health Organization (WHO) mucositis scale and OM-related pain based on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) weekly during the seven weeks of the study period.
ResultsThe results of the study showed that the scores of WHO mucositis scale significantly decreased in the timolol group compared to the control group during the study [week 1: mean (SD), 0.02 (0.41) in the timolol group, and 0.67 (0.48) in the control group; week 7: mean (SD), 0.33 (0.61) in the timolol group, and 0.87 (0.74) in the control group; P-value = 0.049]. Moreover, the mean pain scores significantly decreased in the first, second, and third weeks in the timolol group compared to the control group (P-value < 0.05).
ConclusionThe results of this preliminary clinical trial demonstrated that among the patients receiving doxorubicin or 5-FU chemotherapy regimens, the preventive use of timolol mouthwash significantly diminished the severity of OM compared to the control group during the seven weeks of follow-up. The severity of pain was also significantly lower during the first three weeks of the study; however, the effect size was less than the minimal clinically important difference. Further studies are required to assess both the long-term efficacy and safety of timolol mouthwash in preventing OM.
Clinical Trial Registration NumberIRCT20190810044500N9.
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Preliminary In silico Analysis of Adenylate Kinase 1 (ADK1) of Echinococcus granulosus as a Candidate for Vaccination against Cystic Echinococcosis
Available online: 19 September 2024More LessBackgroundA neglected zoonosis, Cystic Echinococcosis (CE), is most common in developing nations worldwide. Vaccination is, therefore, helpful in preventing the disease.
ObjectivePredicting the main biochemical properties of E. granulosus Adenylate Kinase 1 (ADK1) and its possible B-cell and T-cell-binding epitopes as a valuable candidate for immunization was the goal of the current study.
MethodsPredictions were made to determine biochemical, antigenic, structural, and subcellular characteristics, along with the immunogenic epitopes, using several online servers.
ResultsThe extracellular 22 KDa protein had no allergenicity, while it possessed hydrophilicity (GRAVY: -0.286), stability (instability: 17.48), tolerance to a wide range of temperatures (aliphatic: 93.45), and 17 post-translational modification sites. The secondary structure mostly comprised helices and random coils and the 3D model was generated using Robetta server (confidence: 0.88). Common B-cell epitopes were discovered by three servers and screened for antigenic, allergenic, and solubility traits. Moreover, MHC-associated epitopes for mice and humans were predicted in E. granulosus ADK1 with subsequent screening.
ConclusionThis work offers a foundation for further investigation on designing an effective vaccination against CE. Further empirical research study with the examined protein solely or combined with other antigens is needed.
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