Skip to content
2000
Volume 2, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 0250-6882
  • E-ISSN: 0250-6882

Abstract

Cardiac auscultation is a frequent first step in diagnosing heart disorders. However, the lack of dependability of ordinary auscultation in the hands of inexperienced clinicians remains a problem.

We sought to develop an inexpensive system for digital cardiac auscultation (digital phonocardiography) using a Windows laptop computer, freely downloadable software and an inexpensive USB microphone.

The system, based on the free open-source Audacity software package, offers advanced features such as phonocardiogram storage and retrieval, low-pass and high-pass waveform filtering and variable-speed signal playback with pitch preservation.

Sample results for both raw and digitally filtered phonocardiograms are provided.

An innovative laptop-based phonocardiogram system offering advanced features can be easily produced at minimal cost.

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Bentham Science Publisher. This is an open access article published under CC BY 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/nemj/10.2174/0250688201999200511134108
2020-05-11
2025-09-09
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/nemj/2/1/NEMJ-2-1-09.html?itemId=/content/journals/nemj/10.2174/0250688201999200511134108&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. MangioneS. NiemanL.Z. Cardiac auscultatory skills of internal medicine and family practice trainees. A comparison of diagnostic proficiency.JAMA1997278971772210.1001/jama.1997.035500900410309286830
    [Google Scholar]
  2. GuptaS. MichaelsA.D. Relationship between accurate auscultation of the fourth heart sound and the level of physician experience.Clin. Cardiol.2009322697510.1002/clc.2043119215005
    [Google Scholar]
  3. MarcusG.M. VesseyJ. JordanM.V. HuddlestonM. McKeownB. GerberI.L. FosterE. ChatterjeeK. McCullochC.E. MichaelsA.D. Relationship between accurate auscultation of a clinically useful third heart sound and level of experience.Arch. Intern. Med.2006166661762210.1001/archinte.166.6.61716567599
    [Google Scholar]
  4. MichaelsA.D. KhanF.U. MoyersB. Experienced clinicians improve detection of third and fourth heart sounds by viewing acoustic cardiography.Clin. Cardiol.2010333E36E4210.1002/clc.2058620127893
    [Google Scholar]
  5. FavratB. PécoudA. JaussiA. Teaching cardiac auscultation to trainees in internal medicine and family practice: Does it work?BMC Med. Educ.20044510.1186/1472‑6920‑4‑515056393
    [Google Scholar]
  6. SarbandiR.R. DoyleJ.D. NavidbakhshM. HassaniK. TorabiyanH. A color spectrographic phonocardiography (CSP) applied to the detection and characterization of heart murmurs: preliminary results.Biomed. Eng. Online2011104210.1186/1475‑925X‑10‑4221627809
    [Google Scholar]
  7. EmmanuelBS A review of signal processing techniques for heart sound analysis in clinical diagnosis.J Med Eng Technol2012366303710.3109/03091902.2012.68483122794305
    [Google Scholar]
  8. DurandLG PibarotP CritRevBiomedEng.v45.i1-6.170.RE:view1615
    [Google Scholar]
  9. RedlarskiG GradolewskiD PalkowskiA. A system for heart sounds classificationPLoS One2014139e11267310.1371/journal.pone.011267325393113
    [Google Scholar]
  10. MezianiF DebbalSM AtbiA Analysis of phonocardiogram signals using wavelet transform.J Med Eng Technol201236628330210.3109/03091902.2012.68483022738192
    [Google Scholar]
  11. ZuberM. ErneP. Acoustic cardiography to improve detection of coronary artery disease with stress testing.World J. Cardiol.20102511812410.4330/wjc.v2.i5.11821160713
    [Google Scholar]
  12. TavakolianK. Systolic time intervals and new measurement methods.Cardiovasc Eng Technol2016721182510.1007/s13239‑016‑0262‑127048269
    [Google Scholar]
  13. WenYN LeeAP FangF JinCN YuCM Beyond auscultation: Acoustic cardiography in clinical practice.Int J Cardiol201417235486010.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.29824529949
    [Google Scholar]
  14. WangS. LiuM. FangF. ShangQ. SunJ.P. SandersonJ.E. YuC.M. Prognostic value of acoustic cardiography in patients with chronic heart failure.Int. J. Cardiol.201621912112610.1016/j.ijcard.2016.06.00427323336
    [Google Scholar]
  15. TsaiHJ TsaiYC HuangJC WuPY ChenSC ChiuYW ChangJM ChenHC Investigation of acoustic cardiographic parameters before and after hemodialysis.Dis Markers2019Nov 520195270159eCollection 201910.1155/2019/527015931781303
    [Google Scholar]
  16. ErneP ResinkTJ MuellerA CoslovskyM KobzaR ConenD BauerP ArandP Use of acoustic cardiography immediately following electrical cardioversion to predict relapse of atrial fibrillation.J Atr Fibrillation2017101152710.4022/jafib.152729250219
    [Google Scholar]
  17. AkbariM.A. HassaniK. DoyleJ.D. NavidbakhshM. SangargirM. BajelaniK. AhmadiZ.S. Digital Subtraction Phonocardiography (DSP) applied to the detection and characterization of heart murmurs.Biomed. Eng. Online20111010910.1186/1475‑925X‑10‑10922185298
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Sa-NgasoongsongA. KunthongJ. SaranganV. CaiX. BukkapatnamS.T. A low-cost, portable, high-throughput wireless sensor system for phonocardiography applications.Sensors (Basel)2012128108511087010.3390/s12081085123112633
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/nemj/10.2174/0250688201999200511134108
Loading
/content/journals/nemj/10.2174/0250688201999200511134108
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test