Caveolin Involvement and Modulation in Breast Cancer

Caveolae are highly enriched in numerous membrane-bound proteins and caveolin-1 is their major component. Caveolae and caveolin proteins are involved in a variety of cellular processes including lipid homeostasis, endocytosis, signal transduction, and tumorigenesis. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women throughout the world. Clinical studies have shown that the correlation of caveolin-1 expression with tumor progression varies with tumor type. The data presented here extend the findings that caveolin-1 suppresses breast cancer but there are controversial studies. The potential function of caveolin-1 in scaffolding signaling factors also demonstrates the importance of its expression control and modulation, correlating with physiological or pathological conditions. Based on current research, this review presents the current understanding of their function and the involvement of caveolin-1 in breast cancer pathogenesis.