Study of Hypolipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Anvillea radiata Coss & Durieu in Diabetic Rats

Objective: To evaluate the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of aqueous extract leaves of Anvillea radiata (AEL of A. radiata) in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. In addition, the determination of total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents in the AEL of A. radiate was performed. Methods: The effects of oral administration of AEL of A. Radiata (10 mg/kg) on the plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations were measured in both normal and diabetic rats. The antioxidant capacity was realized by the method of DPPH. Total polyphenol, as well as, flavonoid contents of the AEL of A. radiata were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and colorimetric AlCl3 method, respectively. Results: AEL of A. radiate (10 mg/kg) showed a strong hypolipidemic effect both in normoglycaemic and in STZ rats after 15 days of daily treatment. In normal rats, AEL of A. radiata induced a significant decrease in plasma triglyceride levels (p<0.0001). Moreover, plasma cholesterol total levels reduced significantly (p<0.05; p<0.0001) both in normal and diabetic rats, respectively. In contrast, plasma HDL-C levels showed a significant increase (p<0.05; p<0.01) both in normal and in STZ induced diabetic rats, respectively. On the other side, AEL of A. radiata showed important antioxidant activity and revealed the inhibitory concentration of 50% of free radicals (IC50) (IC50=343.41 mg/ml). Concerning the quantitative determination of total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, which were equal to 70.28 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract (mg EAG/g) and 16.38 mg of quercetin equivalent per gram of extract (EQ/g), respectively. Conclusion: AEL of A. radiata (10 mg/kg) shows the potential hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects in both normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats.