The Role of NO-cGMP Signaling Pathway in Pancreatic Beta-cell Function

Insulin-secretion in pancreatic beta-cells is modulated by several second messengers and complex signaling pathways. Nitric oxide has been usually associated with beta-cell apoptosis, as part of the physiopathology of Type-2 diabetes. However there is increasing evidence that NO/cGMP signaling pathway is also involved in the secretory function through the activation of some target proteins such as the modulation of glucokinase activity, ionic channels, protein kinases, phosphodiesterases; and gene expression through the activation of transcription factors. These observations could be useful to establish new therapeutic strategies to maintain beta-cell optimal response before the development of islet dysfunction that leads to diabetes.