Improvement in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome using Pharmacological and Non- Pharmacological Approaches: Current Perspectives and Principles

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by a wide range of metabolic and endocrine abnormalities, which can be quite complex in the diagnosis and treatment. The pathogenesis of PCOS is unclear. Therefore, symptoms of this condition differ from person to person, and it becomes difficult to treat PCOS. So far, many pharmacological interventions such as antilipidemic, ovulatory stimulants, and oral contraceptives have been used alone or in combination for the treatment of PCOS and have not been significantly effective. Precision medicine could be of importance in the treatment of PCOS, and the use of artificial intelligence could be beneficial in understanding the pathogenesis and management of this condition. Biotechnological interventions using small mRNA have been explored for this condition. Moreover, it is also hypothesized that the gut microbiota has a key role in regulating hormones through the gut-brain axis. Herbal remedies have also been used, but it is limited due to improper standardization. The treatment of PCOS is based on providing symptomatic relief and limiting the perpetuation of this condition. Understanding the use of different interventions is important to bring out better clinical outcomes.