Current State-of-the-Art of Engineered Collagen Based Bone Biomimetics

Majority current bone tissue biomimetics are based on collagen containing composites since the collagen is a major organic component of the natural extra cellular matrix (ECM). Two main types of biomimetic composites, based on: i) fibriliar or ii) electrospun collagen are in the focus of this review. It includes a brief presentation of the composition, hierarchical structure and formation of natural bone, as a base of the bone biomimetic design strategy. Requirements to substituting biomaterials (synthetic bone scaffolds and grafts) analogous to natural bone in terms of composition, structure (at micro-, nano- or molecular level) and function are also included in this review.