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image of Chrysin and Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Restrain Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced Arthritis in Wistar Rats via Subsiding Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Introduction

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that causes significant disability and persistent inflammation. Currently, there are no appropriate treatments for RA other than systemic immunosuppressants, which have a variety of undesirable effects after long-term use. Thus, this study aims to determine the anti-arthritis effect of chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone) and/or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), separately and combined, on CFA (complete Freund’s adjuvant)-induced arthritis in rats as an animal model of RA.

Methods

Male Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with 100 μL of CFA/rat/day in the paw of the right hind limb for two consecutive days to induce RA. Arthritic rats received chrysin in an oral dose of 100 mg/kg bw each day, BM-MSCs at 1 × 106 cells/rat once per week in DMEM (Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium) into the lateral tail vein, and a combination for 21 days.

Results

The oral administration of chrysin and intravenous injection of BM-MSCs significantly reduced the increased anteroposterior thickness, volume, and circumference of the right hind paw, as well as serum levels of RF, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-17, as well as serum MDA level, besides augmenting serum levels of GPx, GST, GSH, and SOD. The arthritic rats treated with chrysin and/or BM-MSCs exhibited a significant improvement in the elevated expression levels of IκBα, NF-κB p50, and NF-κB p65 proteins in ankle joint articular tissue. Similarly, the histopathological score and histological sections provided additional evidence of the improvement in arthritic lesions.

Discussion

The treatment with chrysin and BM-MSCs has potential anti-arthritic effects, which may be attributed to their abilities to suppress the inflammation and oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant defense system. The combinatory effect of chrysin and BM-MSCs was found to be the most effective. However, further clinical studies are required to assess their safety and efficacy in patients with arthritis.

Conclusion

Due to their strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, the combined administration of chrysin and BM-MSCs was found to be more effective in treating arthritis than either treatment alone in Wistar rats.

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2025-07-15
2025-09-15

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Chrysin and Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Restrain Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-induced Arthritis in Wistar Rats via Subsiding Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/011574888X367150250701071144
/content/journals/cscr/10.2174/011574888X367150250701071144
/content/journals/cscr/10.2174/011574888X367150250701071144
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: antioxidant effects ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; immunomodulatory effects ; CFA-induced arthritis ; chrysin ; bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells

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