Contribution of Dietary Factors to Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Mediated Inflammatory Signaling in Arthritic Diseases

Diet-derived natural ligands of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family of nuclear receptors have been widely reported to activate PPAR signaling, modifying gene and protein expressions in a variety of cells and tissues. Examples of such dietary factors include unsaturated fatty acids, spices, soy protein, and polyphenols. Recent data suggest that these nutrients may affect inflammation and immunity in arthritic diseases. This review describes these nutrients and their potential modulating effects on the pathophysiology of inflammatory and degenerative arthritis through PPAR signaling.