Effects of Nanomaterials on Plant Growth at Molecular Level

Nanomaterials are widely used in all walks of life, bring great changes to our life and production. In addition, nanomaterials have also been used in agriculture. The most common ones are carbon-based nanomaterials and TiO2 nanoparticles, which can stimulate plant growth and increase crop yield. However, not all nanomaterials have a positive effect on plant growth. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the influence of nanomaterials on plants after entering the environment. Nanomaterials can be inhaled directly or through endocytosis. Some nanomaterials will become the corresponding ion state to enter the plant, while some larger nanomaterials will block cell wall channels or adsorb on the surface of plants. Nanoparticles (NPs) enter the plant can produce positive or negative effects on the plant's genes, proteins. This paper discusses the effects of nanomaterials on plant growth and on the molecular level.