Utilization of Polysaccharides and their Derivatives in the Removal of Metal Ions: Role and Recent Advancement

The manuscript discusses the role of polysaccharides and their derivatives in the removal of metal ions from industrial wastewater. Quick modernization and industrialization increase the amount of various heavy metal ions in the environment. Heavy metals can cause various diseases in humans and also drastic environmental hazards. In this review, the recent advancement for the adsorption of heavy metal ions from wastewater by using different methods has been studied. Various natural polymers and their derivatives act as effective adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from the wastewater released from the industries and the treated water released into the environment can decrease the probability of diseases in humans and environmental hazards. From the literature surveys, it was concluded that the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater is beneficial for humans as well as for environment. Graft copolymers act as the most efficient adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions and most of these follow the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order model of kinetics.