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image of Gene-Targeted Hypertension Therapy. Is It Time for Indonesia?

Abstract

Hypertension remains a significant global health challenge due to its high prevalence and complications worldwide. The complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors mean that current pharmacological treatments for hypertension have limited long-term effectiveness, which can be characterized as refractory hypertension. Targeted gene therapy offers a revolutionary approach by addressing the underlying genetic mechanisms of hypertension, providing a personalized, potentially curative solution with fewer side effects. In Indonesia, the implementation of targeted gene therapy for hypertension faces significant challenges due to limited genomic infrastructure, high costs of genetic testing, and low awareness among healthcare professionals and the public. This genetic approach is still limited to research or rare monogenic cases and has not been implemented routinely in clinical practice. Ethical, cultural, and religious considerations also continue to limit public acceptance of this genetic intervention, in addition to the lack of a clear legal and regulatory framework governing gene therapy and the protection of genetic data. Nevertheless, the Indonesian government, through the Biomedical Genome-based Science Initiative (BGSi), has begun to initiate medical integration, which aims to develop population-specific genomic databases, improve precision medicine, and build national capacity for future implementation of gene-based therapies, including for hypertension. This literature review aims to comprehensively examine hypertension and gene therapy, synthesizing global evidence on genetic mechanisms, therapeutic advances, and implementation challenges, while outlining future opportunities and strategies for integrating gene-based medicine into the Indonesian health care system.

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2026-03-24
2026-05-12

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Gene-Targeted Hypertension Therapy. Is It Time for Indonesia?
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734021427931260121101602
/content/journals/chyr/10.2174/0115734021427931260121101602
/content/journals/chyr/10.2174/0115734021427931260121101602
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keywords: genome-wide association studies ; Hypertension ; Indonesia ; gene-targeted therapy ; precision medicine ; pharmacogenetics

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