MicroRNAs in Lung Cancer Oncogenesis and Tumor Suppression: How it Can Improve the Clinical Practice?

Background: Lung cancer (LC) development is a process that depends on genetic mutations. The DNA methylation, an important epigenetic modification, is associated with the expression of noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs. MicroRNAs are particularly essential for cell physiology, since they play a critical role in tumor suppressor gene activity. Furthermore, epigenetic disruptions are the primary event in cell modification, being related to tumorigenesis. In this context, microRNAs can be a useful tool in the LC suppression, consequently improving prognosis and predicting treatment. Conclusion: This manuscript reviews the main microRNAs involved in LC and its potential clinical applications to improve outcomes, such as survival and better quality of life.