PPARγ-targeting Potential for Radioprotection

Background: Peroxisomal proliferator receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a class of nuclear hormone receptor family involved in insulin sensitization. In addition, PPARγ has a key role in the protection against oxidative stress and inflammation through regulation of NFkappaB levels and crosstalk with the Nrf2 pathway. Also, its role in the modulation of immune response is substantial. Objective: Radiation-induced oxidative stress is the sole determinant of damage to hematopoietic, gastrointestinal system and immune system suppression. Uncontrolled exposure to normal cells during radiotherapy raises the demand for novel and efficient radioprotectors. In this review, we will present an overview of the involvement of PPARγ in radiation-induced damage and inflammation with major emphasis on whether PPARγ can serve as a suitable radiomodification target. Conclusion: Through this review, we have justified that PPARγ having both radioprotective as wells as radiotherapeutic potential, may serve as an attractive target for the development of novel and more effective therapies.