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2000
Volume 3, Issue 1
  • ISSN: 2542-579X
  • E-ISSN: 2542-5803

Abstract

Background

Vital tooth whitening has become an integral part of esthetic dentistry and remains one of the safest and most economical options today to improve dental esthetics without removing tooth structure. The tooth whitening materials have evolved into three categories: dentist-prescribed/dispensed in office, the dentist prescribed patient home use, and over-the-counter purchased and applied by patients.

Objective

This review outlines the latest advances in dentist prescribed vital teeth whitening techniques, effects on tooth structure, soft tissues, and dental restoratives. Areas requiring additional research are also discussed.

Methods

An electronic and manual literature search was conducted for keywords such as tooth bleaching and dental bleaching techniques using PubMed/MEDLINE, followed by a manual selection of the studies that included whitening procedures in vital teeth.

Results

The two main whitening agents are carbamide peroxide (CP) and hydrogen peroxide (HP or HO) whose concentration, duration of contact and total treatment time can alter results. In addition, factors including the type of stain and the age of the patient can affect results. Although whitening agents can affect tooth structure, restorative materials, and gingival tissues, the changes are temporary or can be treated using minimally invasive techniques.

Conclusion

Areas requiring further research include the actual mechanism of whitening, its effect on tooth structure and restorative materials, and the development of an easy method to quantitate the degree of whitening in the dental office.

© 2021 Bentham Science Publishers
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/content/journals/cdent/10.2174/2542579X02999200812130854
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  • Article Type:     Review Article
Keyword(s): bleaching techniques; carbamide peroxide; hydrogen peroxide; tooth bleaching; tooth color; Tooth whitening; vital tooth bleaching

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