The Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Statins on Coronary Artery Disease: An Updated Review of the Literature

Background: Statins have long been used for the protection against coronary artery disease (CAD). Their beneficial effect apart from cholesterol reduction lies in their pleiotropic properties. Emerging evidence from laboratory studies and clinical trials as well have pointed out the pivotal role of inflammation on the initiation and exacerbation of atherosclerosis; a major cause of CAD. Inflammation markers such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein and adhesion molecules are shown to increase in CAD patients and are used as prognostic tools. It is well known that statins can actually reduce the circulating levels of these agents slowing therefore the inflammatory process; interestingly not all types have the same outcome. Conclusion: The anti-inflammatory effect of statins on the formation of atherosclerotic plaque and the function of endothelial cells is thus of particular importance as these agents can actually ameliorate CAD prognosis.