Ethnopharmacology and Biological Activities of Aristolochia longa: A Review

Aristolochia longa is a plant belonging to the genus Aristolochia, family Aristolochiaceae, whose rhizomes represent the most important part used in the pharmaceutical field mainly due to its richness in bioactive molecules. Several investigations have shown numerous biological properties, including antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer activities. Besides, many chemical components such as alkaloids, glycosides, phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins have been isolated, and their structures have been elucidated. However, Aristolochia longa is still not investigated. Therefore, more studies should be conducted to discover other biological activities of Aristolochia longa, as well as those of other species from the same genus, and identify compounds responsible for these activities.