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image of Wound Healing Properties of Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Flower 
Extract: Evidence from In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Network Analysis

Abstract

Introduction

The white water lily () is a traditional medicinal plant recognized for its diverse array of bioactive properties. However, its potential in wound healing remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical profile, cytotoxicity, and wound healing efficacy of flower extract (NAFE) using both and models, as well as computational network analysis.

Methods

Qualitative phytochemical screening of NAFE was conducted using standard techniques. Cytotoxicity was assessed on HaCaT keratinocyte cells at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 µg/ml. wound healing was evaluated using excision wound models in Wistar albino rats treated with 2.5% and 5% NAFE ointments, measuring wound contraction, epithelialization time, and breaking strength. scratch assays were used to assess cell migration at selected concentrations of NAFE. A wound-healing-associated network analysis was performed using IMPPAT, STRING, GeneCards, and OMIM databases to explore the molecular targets and interactions of bioactive compounds.

Results

Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and glycosides. NAFE was found to be non-cytotoxic with an IC of 245 µg/ml. , 5% NAFE ointment showed 98.92% wound closure by day 14 and complete closure by day 21, comparable to betadine. Epithelialization time (15.83±0.16 days) was nearly equivalent to the standard drug. assays demonstrated enhanced HaCaT cell migration at concentrations of 122.5 and 245 µg/ml. Network analysis identified kaempferol and quercetin as key compounds interacting with wound-healing proteins, notably AKT1, ESR1, and EGFR.

Discussion

The findings suggest that NAFE promotes wound healing by enhancing wound contraction, epithelialization, and cell migration, likely through the modulation of molecular pathways involved in tissue repair. The presence of bioactive compounds such as kaempferol and quercetin underpins the extract's pharmacological potential.

Conclusion

flower extract exhibits promising wound-healing activity through multiple mechanisms, including enhancement of cell migration and regulation of key proteins involved in tissue regeneration. These results support its potential as a natural therapeutic agent in wound management.

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2025-09-03
2025-12-05

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Wound Healing Properties of Nymphaea alba (Nymphaeaceae) Flower 
Extract: Evidence from In Vivo, In Vitro, and In Silico Network Analysis
Bentham Science Publishers ; https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734099367529250728112330
/content/journals/cad/10.2174/0115734099367529250728112330
/content/journals/cad/10.2174/0115734099367529250728112330
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  • Article Type:     Research Article
Keywords: wound healing ; Nymphaea alba ; excision wound model ; wound scratch assay ; incision wound model ; network design

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