Therapeutic Plant Extract-Mediated Green Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

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The convergence of green synthesis has sparked considerable interest in the development of innovative nanomaterials for therapeutic applications. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles have emerged as promising candidates in the biomedical field owing to their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and resemblance to the natural mineral component of bone tissue. The phytochemicals within therapeutic plant extracts contribute significantly to the formation and stabilization of HAp nanoparticles. The synergistic interactions between phytochemicals and the formed nanoparticles augment their biocompatibility and therapeutic potential for various biomedical applications. This chapter provides an exploration of the synthesis techniques involving plant extracts and their constituents, elucidating their role as efficient biomolecular templates in the controlled fabrication of HAp nanoparticles. Also, this chapter describes the wide array of biomedical applications for plant-extract-mediated HAp nanoparticles. The integration of therapeutic plant extracts in the green synthesis of HAp nanoparticles presents a sustainable and promising avenue, fostering advancements in biomedical research and applications with profound implications for healthcare and regenerative medicine. The discussion encompasses the promising prospects, challenges, and future directions in leveraging these eco-friendly and biocompatible nanoparticles in diverse biomedical scenarios.