Vital Functions of Glycans in the Biological Systems
- Authors: Ruma Rani1, Parth Malik2, Raj Singh3, Raman Kumar4, Vishal Haribhai Patel5, Tapan Kumar Mukherjee6
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View Affiliations Hide Affiliations1 ICAR National Research Centre on Equines, Hisar-125001, Haryana, India 2 School of Chemical Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat-382030, India 3 Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India 4 Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133207, India 5 Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida-201301, Uttar Pradesh, India 6 Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700156, India
- Source: Glycosylation and Glycation in Health and Diseases , pp 40-83
- Publication Date: March 2025
- Language: English
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Glycans and their various conjugates namely glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans not only coat all the cells in nature and interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules but are also located in the intracellular regions of every living organism. Glycans mediate or modulate numerous biological roles that are essential for life. This most abundant cellular molecule is necessary to maintain various general and specialized functions of the cells. Some of the major vital roles of glycans include maintenance of the structural integrity and protection of the cells, cell adhesion, cell-t- -cell communication, crosstalk, and bidirectional cell signaling (both inside out and outside in). Briefly, this chapter predominantly focuses on the role of glycans and their various conjugates in maintaining the structural integrity of biological membranes and the overall cells, the different modulatory functions of glycans, and their implication in nutrient sequestration. Additionally, a brief outline of the role of glycans on intrinsic or intra-species recognition and extrinsic or interspecies recognition is discussed. Overall, the biological importance of glycans and their conjugates is elaborated.
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