Bioremediation using Nanomaterials: A Prospective Approach for Environmental Decontamination

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With a focus on environmentally friendly, sustainable technology, new technologies such as the combined process of nanotechnology and bioremediation are urgently needed to accelerate the cost-effective remediation process to alleviate toxic contaminants compared to conventional remediation methods. Numerous studies have shown that nanoparticles possess special qualities, including improved catalysis, adsorption, and increased reactivity. This chapter explores the potential of nanomaterials in bioremediation for environmental decontamination. Bioremediation is a sustainable and eco-friendly approach to remove pollutants from contaminated soil and water. The application of nanotechnology in bioremediation has gained attention due to the unique properties of nanomaterials, such as high surface area, reactivity, and selectivity. The content discusses recent developments in using various nanomaterials, including carbon-based, metal-based, and hybrid nanomaterials, to remove organic and inorganic pollutants from the environment. Also, this highlights the advantages and limitations of using nanomaterials in bioremediation, including their potential toxicity and long-term effects on the environment. Furthermore, we provide insights into the prospects of using nanomaterials in bioremediation and the challenges that need to be addressed for the effective and safe use of nanomaterials in environmental decontamination.