Comprehensive Introduction to Endoscopic Transforaminal Lumbar Discectomy With Trephines

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Endoscopic transforaminal lumbar discectomy (ETLD) with trephines represents a minimally invasive surgical procedure for treating lumbar disc herniation. This technique best suits the novice surgeon and offers several advantages over traditional open surgery, including reduced tissue trauma, faster recovery, and improved patient outcomes. It simplifies the placement of the endoscopic working cannula by creating an initial working space under fluoroscopic guidance without the need for an initial foraminoplasty. This chapter delves into the technical and procedural aspects of ETLD with trephines, providing a detailed overview of the procedure, its indications, contraindications, surgical steps, and potential complications. Furthermore, we highlight the advantages and limitations of this innovative technique and discuss its established role in spinal surgery