Phytonanomaterials from Andrographis Species and their Applications

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Andrographis (Acanthaceae) is a genus of 26 species native to India, mainly used for the treatment of snake bites, diabetes, fever, cholera, dysentery, gonorrhea, and malaria. Medicinal properties of Andrographis are attributed to the presence of phytochemicals such as andrographolide, neoandrographolide, 14-deoxy-11,- 2-didehydroandrographolide, 14-deoxy andrographolide, isoandrographolide, 14-deoxy andrographolide 19 β-Dglucoside, homoandrographolide, andrographan, andrographosterin, and stigmasterol. Nanotechnology is a technique capable of achieving a high degree of precision in functions. By creating eco-friendly materials that can be applied to nanomedicine, plants have mediated the synthesis and fabrication of materials in nanotechnology. Mostly, silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Andrographis species showed significant pharmacological activities viz ., antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, mosquito larvicidal, hepatocurative, and anticancer activity.