Autoimmune Diseases in Women and Treatment Options

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The concept of "autoimmune diseases" relates to a type of disease where the immune system of the body fights its internal cells and tissues, which causes tissue damage and persistent inflammation. According to predictions, autoimmune diseases are more common in women and affect up to 75% of them. There are more than 80 different types of autoimmune diseases known, including type 1 diabetes, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis, which can affect different parts of the body, including the joints, skin, thyroid, and nervous system. Treatment options vary depending on the type of autoimmune disease and the severity of the symptoms, with the main objectives being to reduce inflammation and stop additional harm to the organs and tissues that are already compromised. Healthcare providers might suggest treatments such as antirheumatic drugs, corticosteroids, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs to treat symptoms and slow the spread of the illness. A balanced diet, consistent exercise, and stress-reduction methods may also be advised as part of lifestyle improvements. Biologic therapy, which uses medicines that target particular immune system cells to lessen inflammation and stop further damage, may be an effective treatment for some autoimmune diseases. However, such therapies can be expensive and come with unfavorable side effects, like a higher risk of infection. Women with autoimmune diseases must work with medical specialists to develop a personalized treatment plan to successfully manage their symptoms. This chapter tries to discuss all autoimmune diseases that afflict women, including their etiology, management, and treatments.