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Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrate metabolism starts with the ingestion of food, breakdown (digestion), and absorption of monosaccharides by the intestinal enterocytes. The absorbed monosaccharides are involved in many cellular processes. They are transferred to cells for aerobic and anaerobic respiration via glycolysis, citric acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway to be used in the starvation state. In the normal state, the skeletal muscle and liver cells store monosaccharides in the form of glycogen. The extra glucose is converted to triglycerides via lipogenesis and is stored in the lipid droplets of adipocytes. The present chapter describes in details carbohydrate metabolism and its cellular processes.

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