Neuroprotective Alkaloids: Neuromodulatory Action on Neurotransmitter Pathway

Equilibrium in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter signal transmission is necessary for the proper functioning of the brain, and alteration can stimulate the negative feedback mechanism that causes various neuropathogenesis. Disturbances like oxidative stress and alteration in the metabolism of neurotransmitters like γ aminobutyric acid (GABA), acetylcholine (Ach), serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate, are important factors for the progression of neurodegenerative disorder (NDDs). Plant alkaloids have the potential to modulate the neurotransmitter signal transmission in the central nervous system and can provide a better alternative to the synthetic molecule. In the present chapter, we summarize the potential efficacy of plant alkaloids via functioning as anti-oxidant, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, glutamate receptors- N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, acetylcholinesterase (AcHE) inhibitor and shows potential therapeutic effects against NDDs.