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Introduction to Analytical Chemistry

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Analytical chemistry, a branch of chemistry, deals with the analysis of substances. Identification of the constituents from the mixture or substance is called qualitative analysis while Quantitative Analysis deals with determining the purity of the constituents present in the mixture. This is also known as assay method. Various methods like volumetric analysis, gravimetric analysis, polarimetry, refractometry, photometry, fluorimetry, electrochemical methods, chromatographic methods and biological methods comes under the category of quantitative analysis. Volumetric titrations are the elementary procedures applied in the life sciences, pharmaceutics, industrial analysis, water pollution and clinical chemistry and are used to determine the amount of analyte with the standard solution. Main advantages of these methods are cost-effective, rapid and simple, while disadvantages include pH, temperature, and humidity sensitivity, indicator requirement, occurrence of human error, etc.

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