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Nanotherapeutics for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Currently, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause ofmortality among cancerous diseases. It is a primary type of liver cancer possessingunique features like solid malignant tumor type growth, leaky vasculature, andangiogenesis. The success of conventional treatment in the management of HCC isconstrained due to unresponsiveness to particular approaches, drug resistance, systemicside effects, and recurrence of malignancy. The development of nanotherapeutics offersan impending key for overcoming these challenges. Nanotherapeutics utilizesnanosized or nanostructured materials to attain particular therapeutic andpharmacokinetic purposes. The diverse targeting strategies and site-specific drugrelease patterns of this approach enlighten the hope for effective management of HCC.Scientists have developed several nanomaterials like nanoparticles, nanogel, andliposomes to deliver chemotherapeutic agents specifically to HCC sites with improvedefficacy, safety, and selectivity. Active targeting has remained most common andeffective in HCC management among active, passive, and stimuli-responsive targetingstrategies. Hopefully, some nanoformulations for HCC treatment have proved theirpromising effects in clinical trials. In this chapter, an attempt is made to illustrate theoverview of HCC, the impact of nanotherapeutics, along with recent developments,suitability, and challenges of various nanotherapeutic approaches for HCCmanagement.

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