Functionalized Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Point-of-Care Devices

Electrochemical sensors used for the detection of specific biomolecules have attracted great attention in recent years due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, simple preparation, and fast response. In recent years, the integration of biological components into analytical tools, especially in biomedical research, has become a prerequisite for the early diagnosis of many diseases. In addition, enabling early diagnosis and treatment of diseases provides improved health outcomes and rapid medical decisionmaking. Here, we present the classification of biosensors and general concept, materials used in electrochemical sensors, their advantages, disadvantages, and main strategies in electrochemical biosensor technology such as electrodes and supporting substrates, materials for the bioreceptor materials for improved sensitivity and selectivity. This book chapter is focused on the functionalization of nanomaterials developed in recent years aimed at electrochemical biosensors and their functionalization for point of care devices. The various point of care device examples have been tried to form an idea about the usage areas.