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Canine Distemper: Current and Emerging Perspectives

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Canine distemper virus can cause infections in domestic canines and inmany wild animals belonging to families Canidae, Felidae, Hyaenidae, Procyonidae,Ailuridae, Ursidae, Mustelidae, Viverridae and some non-human primates. Among sixproteins encoded by the genome of the virus, genetic drift has been associated with thehemagglutinin protein. Based on phylogenetic analysis of different strains, the virus iscategorized into six groups. RT-PCR, ELISA, indirect fluorescent antibody test, serumneutralization test and immunohistochemistry can be used for diagnosing caninedistemper. Recombinant canarypox vectored vaccine is currently used for theprevention of the disease in domesticated canines, but now researchers are focusing onthe development of new vaccines with new strains of the virus from different geneticgroups.

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