Natural and Anthropogenic Drivers of Viral Emergence
- Authors: Johanna F. Lindahl1, Bernard Bett2
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View Affiliations Hide Affiliations1 Uppsala University, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala, Sweden ⋅ International Livestock Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam ⋅ Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden 2 International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
- Source: Emerging Trends in Veterinary Virology , pp 1-17
- Publication Date: March 2022
- Language: English
Natural and Anthropogenic Drivers of Viral Emergence, Page 1 of 1
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Emerging infectious diseases are causing outbreaks with loss of human andanimal lives and may have large economic and societal impacts. There may be bothnatural and anthropogenic drivers behind the emergence of viral diseases. Zoonoticdiseases are more commonly emerging, and because RNA viruses have an inherenttendency to change, they are overrepresented among emerging diseases. Apart from thenaturally occurring changes in the pathogens, humans also contribute to diseaseemergence by contributing to changes in land use and climate, which in turn affectsecosystems and biodiversity. This chapter reviews the different mechanisms behindviral disease emergence, as well as presents a framework evaluating the spill-over ofzoonotic diseases at the human-wildlife-livestock interfaces. The chapter starts withdiscussing viral evolution and moves towards global changes and the impact ondiseases, with a particular focus on vector-borne viruses.
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