The Induction and Measurement of the Altered States of Consciousness by using Neurotechnology and Biofeedback in Transpersonal Therapy

Transpersonal psychology is the study of human nature that begins with the assumption that humans have potentials that go beyond the limits of their ego and integrate spiritual experience into a broader understanding of the human psyche and consciousness. For decades, altered states of consciousness have been used as a form of psychotherapy in transpersonal psychology. Although there are well-known techniques for inducing altered states of consciousness, such as holotropic breathwork, neurotechnology provides an alternative way to not only induce these states for transpersonal therapy but also for other purposes. Biofeedback may also be used to assess the level of consciousness. The goal of this article is to provide a review of the key concepts in neurotechnology, as well as the key technologies that can be used to induce and measure altered states of consciousness for transpersonal psychotherapy.