The Trend of Green Power in the Civilian Vehicle Market

In traditional centralized electricity generation units, fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and liquefied natural gas, and steam turbines are used to generate continuous and stable power for loads. However, these units produce emissions and cause pollution. Green power, including wind and solar power, provides maximum environmental benefits and is associated with zero emissions and low pollution. However, climatic variations may result in the requirement of a high spinning reserve for a green power system; thus, the development of green power has been limited. An electric storage system (ESS) can overcome the aforementioned problem. The household vehicle market provides various types of vehicles, such as internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrid EVs, and fuel-cell EVs. However, many developed countries are planning to ban ICE vehicles between 2030 and 2040. EVs are driven with zero emissions by an electric motor. Moreover, these vehicles can achieve high torque with low speed and are thus more efficient than traditional ICE vehicles. However, the use of EVs is limited by their high battery costs and long charging time. With the progress of battery technology, battery and ESS costs are decreasing. Affordable electricity storage devices would enhance the efficiency of green power generation systems and the adoption of green power. Multiple power-generating resources are associated with low emissions; thus, vehicles running on traditional fossil fuels are gradually being replaced by vehicles running on these resources.