Pendant Droplets: Overview of Dynamics and Applications

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This chapter provides an overview of dynamics and applications of pendant drops. The pendant drop tensiometry is widely used in measurement of interfacial tension and thus it is described in details including the historical development and the state-of-the-art. The sensitivity of the method is discussed and the recent advancements are presented. The stability and breakup of the pendant drop are also discussed in the general context of jet instability. The multiphysics effects including the electric field, viscoelasticity and surfactants are briefly reviewed focusing on their influence on pendant drop instability.