Bentham Science Publishers

Therapeutic Insights into Herbal Medicine through the Use of Phytomolecules offers a comprehensive exploration of the pharmacological potential of plant-derived compounds. The book provides an in-depth look at the therapeutic applications of phytomolecules in various health conditions. It begins with an analysis of bioactive phloroglucinol compounds and progresses to cover plant-based approaches for managing rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, cancer, neurological disorders, and antiviral activity. The volume also covers the molecular mechanisms of flavonoids, the preclinical pharmacology of Indian medicinal herbs, and the neuroprotective role of andrographolide in Parkinson's disease. Designed to inform and inspire, this book is ideal for researchers, clinicians, and students interested in the therapeutic potential of natural products.

Therapeutic Plants: Recent Advances in the Use of Herbs as Alternative Medications offers an in-depth exploration of how herbs are reshaping modern healthcare. Bridging traditional knowledge and scientific innovation, the book highlights the therapeutic power of medicinal plants in managing chronic diseases like diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders. It explores bioactive compounds, Ayurvedic principles, and advanced drug delivery systems, including nanoparticles.

Chapters cover disease-specific applications, plant-based drug discovery, and the role of metabolomics and in-silico methods in drug design. The book also features detailed studies on specific herbs like Barleria longiflora, Terminalia chebula, and Lawsonia inermis.

Key Features:

- Scientific insights into herbal treatments for chronic diseases.

- Integration of traditional and modern medicine.

- Innovative delivery systems, including nanotechnology.

- In-silico drug design and metabolomics applications.

- Case studies of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds.

Thermal Cycles of Heat Recovery Power Plants presents information about thermal power plant cycles suitable for waste heat recovery (WHR) in modern power plants. The author covers five thermal power cycles: organic Rankine cycle (ORC), organic flash cycle (OFC), Kalina cycle (KC), steam Rankine cycle (SRC) and steam flash cycle (SFC) with the working fluids of R123, R124, R134a, R245fa, R717 and R407C. The handbook helps the reader to understand the latest power plant technologies suitable for utilizing the waste heat generated by thermal industrial processes.

Key Features:

- Comprehensive modeling, simulation, analysis and optimization of 5 power cycle types with different working fluids

- Clear information about the processes and solutions of thermal power cycles to augment the power generation with improved energy conversion.

- Simple, reader friendly presentation

- bibliographic references after each chapter for further reading

This handbook is suitable for engineering students in degree courses and professionals in training programs who require resources on advanced thermal power plant operation and optimal waste heat recovery processes, respectively. It is also a handy reference for energy conversion efficiency in heat recovery power plants. The book is also of interest to any researchers interested in industrial applications of thermodynamic processes.

Thin Film Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Innovative Energy Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, properties, and cutting-edge applications of thin film nanomaterials. Each chapter explores different aspects of thin film synthesis and its application in energy devices, showcasing different metal-based and carbon nanomaterials .

The book begins with a discussion on the synthesis and characterization of cadmium and zinc sulphide thin films for opto-electronics energy devices. Subsequent chapters delve into critical reviews of CIGS thin film nanomaterials, deposition techniques for metal oxide nanocomposite films, and nanostructured TiO2@carbon films for photocatalytic applications.

Bandgap engineering, optical properties of composite films, and recent advancements in metal oxide thin films are also covered. Additionally, the synthesis and characteristics of iron oxide films for solar cell and green energy storage applications are discussed.

Chapters on challenges and future prospects of CNT-based cathode emitters and advanced characterizations of nanocrystalline ferrimagnetic thin films provide valuable insights into emerging technologies.

This book is an essential resource for professors, scientists, engineers, research scholars, postdocs, and undergraduate/graduate students seeking to explore the forefront of nanomaterials and their applications in energy systems.

Thriving Across the Lifespan and Around the Globe: Day in the Life Visual Research Approach is the result of several decades of international, pan-disciplinary research-team collaborations using quasi-ecological visual methodologies to investigate the psychosocial development of children in diverse communities. The initial studies highlighted in this work involved filming a ‘Day in the Life’ of toddlers and primary school children, their families, and schools in diverse communities in Asia, South and North America, and Europe. Filmed in their homes and communities for an entire day, the youngest participants were commonly seen to be thriving in diverse psychosocial domains, such as in their security strivings, emergent literacy and graphic representations, and musicality. Research shows that the nature of a child's development can vary in as many ways as there are diverse contexts. Thriving in the transition from home to primary school is a second developmental milestone investigated in the research.

The book serves as an account of the lived experiences of thriving children,among their families, their schools and their communities. The contents give an invaluable insight into the psychology of early childhood while giving the reader an opportunity to understand the resilience of mobile early teenagers as well as independent older adults. The contributions in the book also provide an additional layer to our understanding of visual ethnography by covering such phenomena as agency and communitarianism, spirituality, and the place of humour in the context of challenges encountered across the lifespan. Through presenting quasi-ecological experimental approaches, this reference enhances the reader’s insight into the texture and nature of thriving in situ, in natural contexts.

Ever since the association between cancer and thrombosis was reported by Jean-Baptiste Bouillaud in the early 19th century, cancer-associated thrombosis has remained a challenging domain of cancer management. Thrombosis can at times be a lead to cancer diagnosis, while it often complicates medical situations as a coexisting disorder. In this handbook, the contributors have compiled comprehensive information on the subject to provide the reader a comprehensive review of current medical literature and guidelines for cancer-associated thrombosis.

Key Features

-clinically oriented text for application in healthcare settings

-current, evidence-based literature reviews and references

-includes guidelines on VTE prophylaxis, heparin effects and more

-includes information about special cases

Thrombosis in Cancer: A Medical Professional's Guide to Cancer Associated Thrombosis is an informative handbook for a broad range of readers in medicine, including generalists, residents, and graduate-level trainees.

Thyroid Ultrasonography and Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy: A Practical Guide and Picture Atlas is a concise and visual reference for diagnostic ultrasonography and needle biopsy of the human thyroid gland. The book provides the reader essential information on how to 1) distinguish between normal and abnormal thyroid sonograms, 2) differentiate low suspicion for malignancy thyroid nodules from sonographically high suspicion nodules, 3) evaluate cervical lymph nodes and parathyroid glands, and 4) examine post-thyroidectomy patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. The reader is also introduced to the different thyroid nodule risk stratification systems in ultrasound imaging, when and how to perform thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsies, and the use of percutaneous ethanol injections for cystic thyroid nodules.

Key Features:

-11 chapters which begin with an introduction to thyroid ultrasound and progressively explain relevant diagnostic imaging and biopsy procedures for different thyroid diseases (including thyroid cancer and autoimmune diseases)

-multiple tables and figures which summarize and highlight important points

-more than 60 ultrasound images which illustrate various ultrasound signs and artefacts from patients

-a summary of the current standards for the evaluation and clinical management of thyroid nodules based on clinical practice guidelines

-a detailed list of references, abbreviations and symbols

The textbook is an essential reference for both practicing and training endocrine surgeons, endocrinologists, radiologists, cytopathologists, sonographers as well as any health care worker with an interest in managing thyroid and parathyroid diseases in their daily practice.

This e-book is a review on current understanding of the role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the lung in health and disease. Topics covered include 1) the expression, function and activation of TLRs during bacterial, viral and fungal infection of the airways, 2) the role of TLRs in the pathogenesis of genetic and environmental pulmonary disorders, and 3) TLR biology in lung transplantation. Each chapter highlights recent advances in a selected domain in lung disease research. This e-book serves as a comprehensive resource for both scientists and clinicians studying innate immune mechanisms in the lung and provides a single reference comprising both basic and specialized information.

The Topics in Anti-Cancer Research e-Book series covers important advances on both experimental (preclinical) and clinical cancer research in drug development.

Major developments in the fields of oncology are covered including mechanisms, tumor and stem cell biology, metastasis, tumor suppressors, cancer drug targets, drug clinical trials, cellular and molecular pathology, genomics and genetics, diagnostics, translational therapeutics, tumor immunology, and cancer prevention and epidemiology.

Topics in Anti-Cancer Research is an essential e-book series for oncologists, pharmaceutical scientists, clinicians, and to researchers in other related disciplines.

This is the second volume of the Patent eBook Series titled Topics in Anti-Cancer Research. The eBook includes updated chapters on topics relevant to contemporary cancer research published in the journal, Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery.

This volume covers scientific and patented novel chemotherapeutic agents and drugs for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and Ras/ Raf /MEK/ERK pathway, P1K, AKT and mTORC1/2 inhibitors, ATPase inhibitors for cancer therapy, and sphingomyelin biosynthesis which regulates cancer cell death and growth.

Other chapters also explain research on biochemical regulation i.e. cell cycle and energy metabolism, the role of genetic variations of FcγRs gamma receptors in monoclonal antibody based anti-cancer therapy and effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy, endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors and anti-angiogenic drugs for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, prevention of cancer by ribonucleotide reductase, anticancer activity of Erlotinib in glioblastoma and the mechanisms of action of nanodrugs and nano-sized camptothecin drugs in cancer chemotherapy. The volume also covers recent studies in the field of onconutrition. The broad range of topics covered in this second volume will be of immense interest to clinicians, scientists and R&D experts seeking new targets for the prevention of cancer, novel oncogenic biomarkers, and methods for cancer therapy.

This is the fourth volume of the eBook Series entitled Topics in Anti-Cancer Research. This volume covers new research as well as updated chapters on topics relevant to modern cancer research published in the journal Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery.

Interesting diverse methods, new technologies and fast developing areas in the field of anti-cancer research are presented. The topics included in the present volume will be of great value to clinicians, scientists and R&D experts aiming to learn more about the latest developments and new alternatives for different types of cancer treatment.

The use of gold macro rods and ultrasound for cancer treatment with hyperthermia, obesity associated breast cancer, and the role of cytokines and chemokines pathways in studying cancer immunotherapy are discussed. The mechanism of antibody-drug and antibody-toxin conjugates alongwith clinical trials research, significance of transforming growth factor-beta and urokinase type plasminogen activator in tumorigenesis and reverstol studies in oncohematological disorders are also presented.

Other important areas covered include the discovery of novel compounds, drugs and chemotherapeutics in the treatment of lung cancer, biological functions of cell surface nucleolin in cancer, polymeric nanosystems and nanosystem applications used for anticancer drug therapy. Recent advances in development of new potent tubulin inhibitors and structures of molecular hybrids and their actions in different cell lines have also been discussed. All these studies focused are supported by recent associated patents

The topics covered in this fourth volume will be of immense interest for those researchers and scientists looking for new techniques, targets, drugs, compounds and drug delivery methods for various types of cancer and its control.

Topics in Anti-Cancer Research covers important advances on both experimental (preclinical) and clinical cancer research in drug development. The book series offers readers an insight into current and future therapeutic approaches for the prevention of different types of cancers, synthesizing new anti-cancer agents, new patented compounds, targets and agents for cancer therapy as well as recent molecular and gene therapy research. The comprehensive range of themes covered in each volume will be beneficial to clinicians, immunologists, and R&D experts looking for new anti-cancer targets and patents for the treatment of neoplasms, as well as varied approaches for cancer therapy.

Topics in Anti-Cancer Research covers new developments in the field of cancer. Novel

drugs as anticancer agents include natural and synthetic phenazines and other anti-cancer

compounds. It also encompasses the role of estrogen as endocrine disruptors and strategies

targeting cancer stem cells for the treatment of different types of cancers, including myeloma

and renal cell cancer.

The diversity of researches and topics published in this eBook Series will be valuable to

cancer researchers, clinicians, and cancer professionals aiming to develop novel anti-cancer

targets for the treatment of various cancers.

The topics covered in the eighth volume of this series are as follows:

-Novel Drugs for Multiple Myeloma

-Synthetic Estrogens are Endocrine Disruptors via Inhibition of AF1 Domain of ERs

-Recent Progress of Phenazines as Anticancer Agents

-Cancer Stem Cell Targeting for Anticancer Therapy: Strategies and Challenges

Topological geometrodynamics (TGD) is a modification of the theory of general relativity inspired by the problems related to the definition of inertial and gravitational energies in the earlier hypotheses. TGD is also a generalization of super string models. TGD brings forth an elegant theoretical projection of reality and builds upon the work by renowned scientists (Wheeler, Feynman, Penrose, Einstein, Josephson to name a few).

In TGD, Physical space-time planes are visualized as four-dimensional surfaces in a certain 8-dimensional space (H). The choice of H is fixed by symmetries of standard model and leads to a geometric mapping of known classical fields and elementary particle numbers. TGD differs from Einstein's geometrodynamics in the way space-time planes or ‘sheets' are lumped together. Extending the theory based on fusing number concepts implies a further generalisation of the space-time concept allowing the identification of space-time correlates of cognition and intentionality.

Additionally, zero energy ontology forces an extension of quantum measurement theory to a theory of consciousness and a hierarchy of phases is identified. Dark matter is thus predicted with far reaching implications for the understanding of consciousness and living systems. Therefore, it sets a solid foundation for modeling our universe in geometric terms.

Topological Geometrodynamics: An Overview explains basic and advanced concepts about TGD. The book covers introductory information and classical TGD concepts before delving into twistor-space theory, particle physics, infinite-dimensional spinor geometry, generalized number theory, Planck constants, and the applications of TGD theory in research. The book is a valuable guide to TDG theory for researchers and advanced graduates in theoretical physics and cosmology.

Towards A Unified Soil Mechanics Theory demonstrates mathematical models for saturated and unsaturated soils by defining the effective stress equation. Chapters present hydraulic models that simulate water distribution in pores. Parameters from these models are then used to demonstrate the use of an effective stress equation to understand the mechanics of soils that have different material constitutions.

Key Features:

-Sequentially explains soil modeling techniques for easy understanding

-Demonstrates the use of an effective stress equation based on data from porous-solid models.

-Explains how porous-solid models can simulate the soilwater retention curves of materials.

-Establishes an elastoplastic framework for the volumetric behavior of unsaturated soils that is used to simulate the phenomenon of collapse upon wetting and the behavior of expansive soils. -Explains the practical application of fully a coupled hydro-mechanical (critical state) soil model

-Includes scientific references for further reading The third edition includes additional information on retention curves in deforming curves, the application of a coupled hydro-mechanical model simulating undrained tests and the behavior of soils during static compaction, and the use of a porous-solid model to develop a fully analytical equation for the relative hydraulic conductivity of soils. The new chapters also cover the experimental parameters used to derive the models. This edition also updates material from previous editions, and adds new scientific references.

Towards A Unified Soil Mechanics Theory paves the way for a universal theory of soil mechanics that has a wide range of applications. The book is a valuable reference to civil engineers, geotechnical engineers, earth scientists and hydrologists interested in soil mechanics at both academic and professional levels.

With the application of the effective stress concept, the strength and volumetric behavior of saturated materials was clearly understood. For the case of unsaturated materials, a universally accepted effective stresses equation is still under debate. However, the use of the effective stress concept to develop constitutive models for unsaturated soils is becoming increasingly popular not only because the hydro-mechanical coupling observed in these materials is implicit in the formulation but also because simpler and more precise models can be established. Towards A Unified Soil Mechanics Theory demonstrates that the same strength and volume change equations used in saturated soil mechanics can be used for the case of unsaturated soils. In other words, the constitutive models developed for saturated soils can be used for unsaturated materials once the effective stress equation has been defined.

In this book, an analytical equation for the effective stress for unsaturated soils is established. This equation requires the knowledge of the superficial area of solids affected by the capillary phenomenon. In other words, we need to know how water distributes in the pores of the soil. This distribution can be modeled using a solid-porous model built on a regular network. However the size of the network required to correctly simulate the structure of a small soil sample cannot be managed with a common PC. For that reason, a probabilistic porous-solid model is developed. This model uses the pore size distribution in the form of a probabilistic function which in addition to the Laplace equation and the principle of continuity can be expressed as the probability of a pore of certain size to be filled or dry at suction during a wetting or drying path, respectively. In this way, the soil-water retention curves can be simulated and the effective stress at any suction during wetting or drying processes can be determined. Based on this approach, it is shown that unsaturated soils behave under the same principles for strength and volumetric behavior as saturated soils.

Towards A Unified Soil Mechanics Theory paves the way for a universal theory of soil mechanics. The volume will be a valuable reference to civil engineers, earth scientists and hydrologists interested in soil mechanics at both academic and professional levels.

Pesticide control involves killing pest organisms or otherwise preventing them from destructive behavior. Pesticides are either natural or synthetic and are applied to target pests in a myriad of formulations (EC,WP, SP, FP, G etc.) and application technology systems (sprays, baits, slow-release diffusion, dust, etc.). In recent years, the bacterial genes coding for insecticidal proteins have been incorporated into various crops that dealt with the mortality of the pests feeding on them. Many other eco-friendly methods for insect pest control such as Integrated Pest Management (IPM), use of bio-pesticides etc., are becoming popular. Bio-pesticides and IPM should show good growth in the future, as there is growing concern for the eco-friendly organic agriculture and could be achieved through Good Agriculture Practices (GAP).

Use of pesticides requires a proper understanding of the chemistry, their handling and their use in crop protection or hygiene. These are toxic chemicals and require a good understanding of therapy and antidotes at the time of poisoning. This e-book covers pesticide chemistry, metabolic/degradation pathways, biochemical toxicology, therapy and antidotes, nano-pesticides and terminologies associated with pesticide toxicology. The book should serve as a text book for academia, or as a reference work for agriculturists, environmentalists and industry professionals.

This book serves as a treatise on lesser known ethnic varieties of cheese made in regions ranging from Mesopotamia to Europe and America. Cheese experts from different countries including Brazil, Croatia, Iran, Macedonia, Montenegro and Turkey bring together a rich blend of information about the traditional cheese in each region. The contributors describe the chemical and microbial characteristics, production technology and artisan culture of cheese making for each local variety.

The simple and systematic presentation of the information makes this a useful reference for a wide readership interested in food, dairy technology, and gastronomy, such as producers, consumers, academics and students. The book also represents an effort to bring forth knowledge about a culinary facet of the concrete cultural heritage of local communities which can benefit tourism and sustainability programs that involve the promotion of traditional dairy products.

[Series intro]

Current Developments in Food and Nutrition Research is a reference series intended for a multidisciplinary readership (researchers, students, and general readers) interested in subjects ranging from food science and technology to nutritional biochemistry and gastronomy.

Traditional Medicine in North East Africa: Research on Traditional Healer Preparations and Herbs explores the rich tapestry of traditional healing practices in North East Africa. This comprehensive work compiles the profound knowledge of indigenous herbalists and explores the intricate relationship between traditional healing and medicinal plants.

From combating diseases like cancer and diabetes to managing snakebites and obesity-related conditions, each chapter offers a detailed examination of plant-based remedies. Highlighting the contributions of plants like Moringa oleifera and Citrullus colocynthis, this book bridges the gap between ancient wisdom and modern research, making it essential for academics, researchers, and anyone interested in the healing powers of nature. Join us on this enlightening journey as we celebrate cultural diversity and uncover the enduring legacy of traditional medicine.

Key Features:

- In-depth studies on bioactive compounds and therapeutic properties of key African plants.

- Ethnobotanical insights into traditional healer practices.

- Comprehensive reviews linking traditional plant use to modern medical applications.

The main theme of this book is to critically survey the role of two recognized protein molecules (i.e., transcription factors) in processes of human memory. In addition, authors provided recent data from their own labs and provided a perspective relevant to specific neurological diseases and potential drug targets. Historically, the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding (CREB) has been the most well documented transcription factor shown to play a role in memory. CREB has several functions, but its most notable function has to do with the formation of long-term memories. More recently, other transcription factors, such as C/EBP, Egr protein, AP-1, and NF-κB have been implicated in memory as well. Of these, scientific literature on NF-κB's theorized role in synaptic plasticity and memory is growing rapidly. Interestingly, in some recent studies CREB and NF-κB have also been shown to interact with each other where both contribute in a cooperative fashion to the initiation of gene expression.

Animal models of diseases play a pivotal role in drug discovery and development, not only for proof of the concept studies of efficacy, PK/PD relationship but also for drug safety assessment. Since considerable differences in variables exist between animal models and human models (such as genetics, physiology, anatomy, gene expression, heterogeneity of disease conditions, etc.), not all the preclinical models are able to represent the pathophysiological conditions in human diseases. Therefore, partly due to the lack of congruency between animal and human disease models, several proposed therapeutic agents in the past decades have been demonstrated to be effective in preclinical models but failed in clinical studies. This e-book focuses on animal models of diseases from a translational perspective and highlights the key advantages and limitations of each model described to facilitate drug discovery and development. A unique feature of the volume is that it contains a selection of details disease models in various therapeutic niches with significant unmet medical needs, including inflammation, neurological diseases, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and oncology.

This e-book is, therefore, of considerable value to researchers and clinicians involved in drug discovery and development as well as pathology.

This e-book presents recent advances in research in the field of particulate systems. A comprehensive background on operations involving particulate materials with a didactic approach is illustrated. Fundamentals and applications in a variety of multi-phase flow reactors are explained with a clear focus on the analysis of transport phenomena, experimental techniques and modeling. The volume spans 10 chapters covering different aspects of transport phenomena including fixed and fluidized systems, spouted beds, electrochemical and wastewater treatment reactors. This e-book will be valuable for students, engineers and researchers aiming to keep updated on the latest developments on particulate systems.

Trauma-informed care is designed to assist persons who have experienced adversity and focuses on change at the clinical and organizational level. Its goals center around prevention, intervention, and treatments that are evidence-based, encourage resilience, and enhance coping.

This textbook is designed to give a comprehensive overview of trauma-informed care to students and faculty involved in nursing care programs.

Key features:

· Explains the skill sets to assess and care for persons who have experienced trauma.

· Emphasizes key principles of trauma-informed care

· Includes the use of client-centered, person-centered, and resilience-based tools to deal with trauma

· Recommends trauma recovery from a positive psychology and post-traumatic growth perspective

· Utilizes a caring pedagogy intended to foster resilience and help offset the secondary traumatic stress and compassion fatigue experienced by student and practicing nurses.

· Communicates the value of fostering psychological safety, compassion satisfaction, and joy in work

· Includes narrative case studies and learning activities in all chapters to help the reader to actively engage with the subject matter.

· Presents self-care strategies to enhance physical and emotional well-being.

This reference explains hybrid-Trefftz finite element method (FEM). Readers are introduced to the basic concepts and general element formulations of the method. This is followed by topics on non-homogeneous parabolic problems, thermal analysis of composites, and heat conduction in nonlinear functionally graded materials. A brief summary of the fundamental solution based-FEM is also presented followed by a discussion on axisymmetric potential problems and the rotordynamic response of tapered composites. The book is rounded by chapters that cover the n-sided polygonal hybrid finite elements and analysis of piezoelectric materials.

Key Features

- Systematic presentation of 9 topics

- Covers FEMs in two sections: 1) hybrid-Trefftz method and 2) fundamental FEM solutions

- Bibliographic references

- Includes solutions to problems in the numerical analysis of different material types

- Includes solutions to some problems encountered in civil engineering (seepage, heat transfer, etc).

This reference is suitable for scholars involved in advanced courses in mathematics and engineering (civil engineering/materials engineering). Professionals involved in developing analytical tools for materials and construction testing can also benefit from the methods presented in the book.

Fish and other seafood have always been considered as an important part of human diet and have also long been recognized as a health-promoting food for human nutrition. However, managing aquatic food resources remains a challenge as the human population is expanding and overfishing poses a threat to fishing reserves in several areas. Aquaculture is the alternative solution for food production from the sea. According to the FAO, aquaculture is probably the fastest growing food-producing sector and can be a sustainable solution for fish production. In order to maximize marine food production and achieving sustainable management of the aquatic environment, knowledge about aspects of fisheries and aquatic animal health is very important.

Trends in Fisheries and Aquatic Animal Health covers some basic and applied topics in fishery management and fish health with a focus on European regions. The textbook is a combination of reviews and research articles. Topics covered in the book include challenges in fishery management, environmental impacts on fisheries, fish health (pharmacology, histopathology, stress response), telemetry techniques in fisheries research, and specific case studies of regional marine species in localized fisheries. This textbook is a useful resource for graduates and professionals involved in advanced training courses for aquaculture and fishery management.