Bentham Science Publishers

This volume summarizes the history and findings of the First Mariners Project, which the author, Robert G. Bednarik, commenced in 1996 in order to explore the Ice Age origins of seafaring. This is the largest archaeological replication project ever undertaken with several hundred people involved in the construction of eight primitive vessels with stone tools under scientifically controlled conditions, six of them sailing. Four bamboo rafts have succeeded in accomplishing the historically documented crossings they sought to replicate. One of the successful experiments, a 1000 kilometer journey to Australia in 1998, attempted to recreate the first human arrival in Australia, probably around 60,000 years ago. Other voyages attempted to address the much earlier sea crossings documented to have taken place in the islands of Indonesia, the earliest of which may have occurred nearly a million years ago. These experiments have also featured in BBC and National Geographic documentaries.

The First Mariners comprehensively describes the archaeological background and relevant issues of the project and features an extensive pictorial record, of both the experiments and the archaeological basis of this research – giving a unique experience to readers interested in understanding the earliest marine adventurers from a historical and technical perspective.

The Future of Computing: Ubiquitous Applications and Technologies explores the transformative power of ubiquitous computing across diverse fields, from healthcare and smart grids to home automation and digital forensics. Ubiquitous computing, which seamlessly integrates computing into everyday life, is reshaping industries and addressing significant challenges, such as data security, digital payments, and IoT optimization. This book provides expert insights and practical approaches, covering topics such as automated medical imaging, federated cloud assessments, smart grid security, and AI-driven control systems.

Key Features:

- Foundational and advanced concepts of ubiquitous computing across multiple industries.

- Security structures in IoT, AI applications, and data privacy.

- Real-world applications, including healthcare automation, smart homes, and digital forensics.

- Case studies on emerging trends in IoT, AIoT, and smart grid security.

This e-book reviews environmental impacts of ski tourism in mountain environments. Specifically, the book addresses skiing impacts on soils, vegetation, vertebrate and invertebrate animals living in such habitats. Additional chapters also explain the methods for the restoration of disturbed sites at high altitude and snow cover in a changing climate.

The e-book is therefore a compilation on the latest knowledge on environmental impacts of skiing and is intended to be a standard reference for ecologists, students and universities, business professionals (ski-resort managers), regional governmental organizations, conservation agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

• Diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum, and the pancreas accessory organ of digestion)
• Diseases involving the liver (i.e. autoimmune diseases, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver diseases, metabolic diseases)
• Infectious diseases in the gastrointestinal tract and the liver
• Epidemiology of gastrointestinal diseases
• Diagnosis and treatment
• Nutrition
• Disease biomarkers
• Drug discovery, efficacy, toxicity, and personalized medicine
• Pathology
• Diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy

Blending insights from psychology, neuroscience, and cultural studies, this book aims to equip readers with practical tools to interpret body language, facial expressions, eye movements, and gestures, enabling a deeper understanding of unspoken thoughts and emotions.

Beginning with the science behind nonverbal cues, the book progresses on to techniques for analyzing micro-expressions, cultural variations, and advanced topics like pupillometry and deception detection. Later chapters emphasize observational skill-building and intuitive perception, supported by real-world applications and hands-on activities.

Key features:

Integrates scientific research with practical decoding strategies

Applies behavioral analysis across business, healthcare, education, and law enforcement

Includes cultural case studies and ethical considerations

Enhances emotional intelligence and social awareness

Offers interactive exercises for skill development

Frontiers in Arthritis is an ebook series devoted to publishing the latest advances in arthritis medicine and research. Each volume brings forth contributions on topics relevant to the diagnosis, management and treatment of arthritis. The ebook series is essential reading for rheumatologists and orthopedic surgeons involved in clinical research and practice.

This volume presents comprehensive information about the pathology, diagnosis and treatment of haemophilic arthropathy. Readers will find information about knee, hip, elbow, foot and ankle surgery in patients affected by haemophilia as well as special topics (microsurgery and postoperative rehabilitation and health risks). The broad range of information presented in this volume makes it the definitive handbook on arthritis in haemophiliac cases and the management of related complications.

This eBook " Medical Lives of History`s Famous People" highlights the consequences of numerous medical concerns of historical individuals. It also discusses in depth how the public lives of famous people were strongly affected due to their medical conditions.

The contents of this book include chapters on the historical facts concerning Babe Ruth`s heroic battle with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, the Oral Cancer of Sigmund Freud, Celiac disease: The Cause of President John F. Kennedy`s life long medical travails, Porphyria: The cause of the madness of King George; Hemophilia: The Royal disease and much more.

This book is a valuable resource for MSc and PhD students, academic personnel and researchers seeking updated and critically important information on medical and mental ailments. The book gives a detailed exposure of the medical issues of the famous people which will give benefit to the readers in their daily life.

Advances in the science of immunology have improved the success rate of organ transplantations since the mid twentieth century. Organ transplantation is now a lifesaving medical procedure for thousands of patients around the world with end-organ diseases. The lifesaving potential of transplantation has been limited by the number and quality of appropriate organ donors. The evolution of brain death criteria by the Harvard Ad-Hoc Committee Report has opened the door to understanding the importance of medical, legal and ethical challenges of organ donation in support of the growth of the transplant science. The possibility of organ donation from living donors has enhanced organ availability for patients with kidney failure. Modern inotropes and immunosuppression regimens have been critical to the success of other organ transplant procedures. However, the cornerstone of successful transplantation continues to be the appropriate selection, evaluation, preservation of organ tissues and the successful surgical procurement process to mitigate the impact of tissue ischemia and reperfusion.

In this textbook, the art and science of organ donation and tissue preservation is examined. Through this authoritative text by leaders in the field, the editors provide a state of the art review of modern preservation techniques, patient selection and screening criteria, as well as best practices for multi-organ procurement. Information presented in the book will familiarize readers with the initial steps of determining organ availability which ultimately enables health care professionals to realize the extraordinary potential of successful multi-organ transplant procedures. This guide is intended to be a fundamental resource for students, residents, faculty and staff for all disciplines allied to health care delivery and organ donation.

Thermodynamics and kinetics (i.e., chemical interactions) are extremely important concepts for pharmaceutical scientists to understand since the "drug selection process", that is, the process used by pharmaceutical companies to discover and develop marketable drugs, is totally dependent upon these theories. While both theories are important, kinetic models describing complex chemical and biological processes provide a unifying theory for all phases of the discovery and development of drugs. Unfortunately, in most textbooks the mathematical descriptions necessary to develop a deeper understanding of kinetic models are omitted. This is primarily done such that the underlying chemistry and biochemistry principles are not obscured by the "mathematical maze" that is generated from these models. As a result many chemists and biologists veer rapidly away from thermodynamics and kinetics. For some scientists, this can lead to confusion on how to apply these models to real-life situations. For example, many enzyme kinetic models are formulated as rate equations. Since experimentally measurements typically determine concentrations and rarely determines rates directly, confusion arises on how to apply kinetic models. In this case, either the model is integrated to give a description of the concentration course of the enzyme reaction or the data is differentiated (i.e., the process of determining rates) by measuring tangents to the reaction curves at zero time.

The level of mathematical skills required to solve kinetic models is minimal for anyone who has studied college level algebra and calculus. Thus, the objective of this book is to present a brief review of thermodynamics and kinetics followed by a detailed step-by-step approach in developing and solving kinetic models for complex chemical and biological processes. The book focuses on building a solid mathematical foundation of enzyme kinetic models by systematically evolving simple uni- and bi-molecular models to enzyme models. Applications for some of these kinetic models are generated from pharmaceutical examples and a selection of problems is presented at the end of each chapter. This elementary approach has been intentionally selected to keep the book at a self-explanatory level. It is anticipated that the reader will be able to follow the mathematical operations and in the process develop a deeper understanding of kinetic models and an improved ability to interpret kinetic parameters.

The book is restricted to solution chemical kinetics and does not deal with the theories of chemical reactions, gas-phase reactions, experimental kinetic methods and so on. There are many excellent chemical kinetic textbooks available for those interested in these topics. The solution chemical kinetics materials for the book were obtained from literature papers and several books on physical chemistry and enzyme kinetics. The ideas from these sources have been hopefully reinterpreted in a style that is well matched to those pharmaceutical scientists that do not have a comprehensive knowledge of kinetic models and the mathematical skills to solve them.

Chapter 1 presents a general overview to thermodynamic and kinetic principals and theory. In Section i, an overview to the scope of the book is presented. A brief review of mathematical fundamentals used in the book (Section ii) and kinetic and thermodynamic principals are present (Section iii and iv). A glossary of symbols and abbreviation used throughout the book is presented in Section v. Chapter 2 describes the basic theory of first-order kinetic models. These types of mathematical models are used for irreversible (Section I) and reversible (Section II) rearrangement reactions and some examples are presented to illustrate their applications to drug discovery. Chapter 3 describes second-order irreversible (Section III) and reversible (Section IV) dimerization reactions while Chapter 4 describes second-order irreversible (Section V) and reversible (Section VI) binding reactions. Chapter 5 describes partially and fully coupled reversible completive binding reactions (Section VII). Chapter 6 describes second-order kinetic models that are used to analyze consecutive irreversible (Section VIII) and reversible (Section IX) substrate suicide enzyme reactions. Chapter 7 describes kinetic models that are used to analyze consecutive irreversible (Section X) and reversible (Sections XI and XII) enzyme reactions. Chapter 8 describes kinetic models that are used to analyze consecutive reversible inhibition enzyme reactions (Section XIII - XVI). Chapter 9 describes kinetic models that are used to analyze substrate (Section XVII) and product inhibition (Section XVIII) enzyme reactions. The Appendix contains the answers to the problems.

This book explores the different ways sleep medicine is practiced in the world by presenting information from multiple countries from all continents. The editors, all sleep medicine experts, dive into both clinical practice, and research keeping an eye on healthcare needs and disparities, before proposing solutions. The contributions also take into account the social, geographical and political situation of each country, along with demographic considerations such as income levels, adding a dimension of context to the contents. The book is meant to be a reference for sleep medicine practitioners who encounter diverse patients in their daily practice. It also serves as a good resource for anyone interested in the state of global health studies.

This volume is a review of recent developments, opportunities, and challenges in the conversion of biomass from different sources to biodiesel or related fuel additives. Key features of the book include fully referenced chapters edited by experts, a blend of basic and current information on biodiesel and a summary of sustainable use of biodiesel byproducts like glycerol.

The volume presents a comprehensive range of 13 topics related to biodiesel production and fuel additives. It begins with a historical overview of biodiesel and related additives, followed by detailed chapters on biodiesel production from various sources such as soybean oil, palm oil, and Jatropha curcas oil. Recent advancements in catalytic thermochemical conversions of biomass into biofuels are explored, alongside discussions on algal biocrude as a feedstock. The role of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis in biodiesel production is examined, along with innovative techniques such as microwave and ultrasound-assisted synthesis. The book also presents information about the utilization of waste cooking oil and waste-derived catalysts, concluding with insights into solketal synthesis and catalytic biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification.

The book imparts the technical know-how on biodiesel and relevant fuel additives for engineering and sustainability students, professionals and apprentices. It also informs policymakers in the energy sector on the benefits of biodiesel as a renewable energy resource.

This e-book presents an analysis on the correlative relations and interactions between democracy and education at macro and micro levels. This analysis demonstrates that democracy and educational institutes are influenced by the natural, demographic, institutional and cultural dimensions of their society and that the relation between them should be dealt with under the authentic conditions of the society and with an integral perspective.

This e-book provides a sound base for discussions on democracy at all levels. Thus it contributes to functional discussions about the philosophy behind education and democracy, by helping education institutions, teachers, administrators and all responsible citizens to consider their own roles within a comprehensible and simple frame in society through the process of democratization.

This book explores the dynamic intersection of three cutting-edge technologies—Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and Cloud Computing—and their profound impact on diverse domains. Beginning with an introduction to AI and its challenges, it delves into IoT applications in fields like transportation, industry 4.0, healthcare, and agriculture. The subsequent chapter explores AI in the cloud, covering areas such as banking, e-commerce, smart cities, healthcare, and robotics. Another section investigates the integration of AI and IoT-Cloud, discussing applications like smart meters, smart cities, smart agriculture, smart healthcare, and smart industry. Challenges like data privacy and security are examined, and the future direction of these technologies, including fog computing and quantum computing, is explored. The book concludes with use cases that highlight the real-world applications of these transformative technologies across various sectors. Each chapter is also supplemented with a list of scholarly references for advanced readers.

The book is intended primarily as a resource for students in information technology and technology courses. And as a secondary resource for industry professionals who want to learn about these technologies in the context of digital transformation.

Chromene is a naturally abundant heterocyclic compound found in alkaloids, tocopherols, terpenes and other compounds. Its derivatives can be used as a scaffold that exhibits pharmacological activity in the human body.

Chromene drugs and related bioactive molecules are the prime focus of this reference. It presents 13 thoroughly researched chapters that comprehensively cover all aspects about the molecule. Starting with a detailed introduction to its role and importance in drug discovery, the book goes into the details of chromene structure, synthesis and pharmacology. Readers can gain knowledge of different commercial medicines based on chromene and its pharmacological activity against different diseases. The elaborate topics in the book will help researchers working on chromene based drugs.

Key highlights of the book include:

- Complete coverage of chromene's role in nature and drug development with references to historical background and current developments

- References to commercial and preclinical drugs and patents of interest

- Explanation of chromene bioacivity in different diseases (antioxidant, antidiabetic, antinflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal activities, antitumour, immunomodulatory activity)

- Explanation of chromene activity against SARS-Cov2

The Role of Network Security and 5G Communication in Smart Cities and Industrial Transformation explores the transformative power of 5G communication and network security in creating smarter, safer, and more sustainable urban and industrial ecosystems. This book highlights how 5G technology drives real-time connectivity for applications such as intelligent transportation, healthcare, energy management, and industrial automation while emphasizing the critical need for robust cybersecurity measures.

The book integrates diverse topics, from 5G-enabled edge computing and blockchain-based healthcare systems to big data analytics and AI-powered security solutions. It offers insights into mitigating vulnerabilities, protecting data privacy, and building resilient infrastructures to support Industry 4.0 and sustainable smart cities. Designed for researchers, professionals, and policymakers, this resource provides practical strategies and forward-thinking perspectives on shaping a hyperconnected future.

Key Features:

- Explores 5G’s role in smart city and industrial applications.

- Highlights cybersecurity challenges and solutions.

- Examines healthcare innovations using 5G and blockchain.

- Discusses big data and AI in secure mobile services.

- Provides actionable insights for sustainable transformation.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. No effective treatments are available for T2D, although there have been many developments in the therapeutic arena. Nitric oxide (NO) is an endocrine agent with multiple and important biological roles in most mammalian tissues. NO has emerged as a central regulator of energy metabolism and body composition. NO bioavailability is decreased in T2D. Several of the pharmaceuticals used in T2D affect the NO system and perhaps even more so by the drugs we use to treat diabetic cardiovascular complications. Experimental works in animal models of T2D show promising results with interventions aimed to increase NO signaling. However, translation into human studies has so far been less successful, but more large-scale prolonged studies are clearly needed to understand its role.

This book is a collection of reviews that deal with the role of nitric oxide in type 2 diabetes, providing a unique overview of NO signaling, and pointing out key areas for more detailed research. The book includes contributions about the pathophysiology of T2D, a brief history of discovery and timeline of NO research, a comprehensive overview of impaired NO metabolism in T2D, precursors of NO (i.e., L-arginine, L-citrulline, nitrate, nitrites, and NO donors), NO and T2D from genetic points of view, NO and diabetic wound healing, NO and osteoporosis, NO and hyperuricemia, NO and Alzheimer's Disease, therapeutic applications of NO and NO donors in T2D. The compilation is of great value to anyone interested in the biochemistry of NO and its relationship to diabetes.

In an era of globalization, where the progressive deterioration of local values is a dominating characteristic, identity is seen as a fundamental need that encompasses all aspects of human life. One of these identities relates to place and the physical environment. Place identity is concerned with a set of ideas about place and identity from the perspective of a wide range of disciplines. Mainly, it refers to the meaning and importance of places for their inhabitants and users.

Readers of this e-book will gain an insight on the role of identity as a basis for the perception, experience, and appreciation of the form of built structures. This e-book explains knowledge in relation to place identity, focusing on people's identity, and those factors that play a significant role in this process. Most of all, the book gives further insight about place identity with regard to global and local contexts, and across multifaceted and multicultural societies. The theme is approached from a number of disciplines that include environmental psychology, philosophy, urban sociology, geography, urban planning, urban design, architecture and landscape architecture.

This comprehensive volume is a review on the pivotal role of seaweeds in the blue bioeconomy. It begins by introducing the blue bioeconomy concept which encompasses the use of renewable biological marine resources to produce food, materials and energy. The book then continues to explore the applications of seaweeds. Chapters cover the biomedical applications (nutraceuticals), functional applications (functional ingredients, biofertilizers), and commercial applications (cosmeceuticals, animal feeds) of seaweeds. Each chapter is structured into sections to provide an easy to understand summary of respective topics, with detailed discussions that reveal the intricate nature of seaweeds. The book shares perspectives from experts in environmental science and biology, with references for advanced readers. The book is for anyone who wants to understand the role of seaweeds in the bioeconomy and for sustainable development.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent, chronic, and recurring mental disorder. This disorder is a leading source of disability worldwide, and is associated with excess mortality rates. Currently approved antidepressants primarily enhance, or otherwise modulate monoaminergic neurotransmission, without curing the disease. Evidence indicates that only one third of patients with MDD achieve remission after treatment with a first-line antidepressant agent. Research in the past two decades has provided valuable insights into the pathophysiological understanding of MDD. However, there is an acknowledged ‘translational gap' in the field, and few genuinely novel antidepressants have been approved for the treatment of MDD.

The Search for Anti Depressants provides readers an in-depth picture of the main pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the development of MDD in patients. Chapters in the volume focus on possible strategies to spur the discovery of novel antidepressants. This book is an indispensable reference for mental health care providers, students at both under-graduate and graduate levels, and neuroscientists interested in the neurobiology of MDD and recent advances towards the discovery of next generation antidepressants.

The Stokes phenomenon refers to the emergence of jump discontinuities in asymptotic expansions at specific rays in the complex plane. This book presents a radical theory for the phenomenon by introducing the concept of regularization. Two methods of regularization, Borel summation and Mellin-Barnes regularization, are used to derive general expressions for the regularized values of asymptotic expansions throughout the complex plane. Though different, both yield identical values, which, where possible, agree with the original functions. Consequently, asymptotics has been elevated to a true discipline yielding precise solutions. All researchers, who seek asymptotic solutions to problems, will find this a most valuable book.

The Sustainable Renovation of Buildings and Neighborhoods is a collection of papers presented at the International Congress of Sustainable Construction and Eco‐efficient Solutions. This event has established itself as a forum for meeting academics from around the word, researchers and professionals of the construction sector, in which environmental information is shared with a multidisciplinary context, and which involves participants from different areas of the construction process. The congress brings together development proposals through a shared vision of environmental sustainability and presents alternative solutions to problems through technical presentations and trainings, in order to minimize the environmental impact caused by the construction sector.

This monograph celebrates the event’s second international edition and its fourth national edition. The volume contains selected articles written by the participants. Readers will find information about interesting, new developments and concepts on

• Energy retrofitting in older buildings

• Tools to determine and measure environmental impact and sustainability indicators

• Economic / cost based revaluation of buildings through the viability of eco‐efficient solutions

• Reduction of the consumption of material and energy resources and in CO2 emissions

• Sustainability research based on the renovation of urban areas.

The studies in this book provide real examples from different countries (Argentina and Spain, for example). The Sustainable Renovation of Buildings and Neighborhoods is a useful reference for researchers and professional architects involved in sustainable development, environmental rehabilitation and the construction industry.

Railway is a form of public transport which serves the society, and its aim is to transport passengers and freight safely, rapidly, reliably, accurately and economically. With an implementation of railway great-leap-forward development, the realization of new-generation rail transport system- Railway Intelligent Transportation System (RITS), whose purpose is to ensure security, improve transport efficiency, elevate service quality and achieve the international standards, has become the inevitable development trend.

Aiming to provide high security, high efficiency, and high quality service to the rail transport, for the first time the authors put forward the concept of " RITS ", and systematically discussed its connotation and substantive characteristics, structural model, development framework and core technology, developmental pattern etc; they deeply analyze the service framework, logical framework and physical framework of typical subsystem of RITS --- Intelligent Emergency Rescue and Safety System, and execute optimization design. The purpose of optimization design for RITS is to coordinate system target-oriented designs and realizations among various subsystems, making the entire work better, to achieve a system with best overall performance, the construction of RITS system in China. Combining years' research and practical experience in RITS, we proposed the "The Theory and Method of Design and Optimization for Railway Intelligent Transportation Systems (RITS) ", presenting it in the form of a book to meet the urgent needs of theory and methods of intelligent transport systems for railway transport. We hope that this book can play the role of throwing a brick to allure a gem, and accelerate further expansion research and application of RITS. The authors of the book engaged in research work of RITS and related fields for many years, successively undertaking and completing the key project of National Natural Science Foundation of "Research on Integrated Information System and Key technologies of High-speed Railway Intelligent Transportation", Ministry of Science and Technology research project "Railway Geographic Information System", "Research on Railway Intelligent Transportation System Standard System", "National Railway GIS Application Service Platform" and "Research on Development Strategy of Railway Intelligent Transportation System", Ministry of Railways research project" Railway Geographic Information System Design and Development", "Research and Development on Qinghai-Tibet Railway Emergency Rescue System and Emergency Rescue Command "Management Information System", "Research on the Railway Emergency Preplan Management" and "Research on Railway Intelligent Transportation System (RITS) Framework", China Postdoctoral Science Foundation-funded project" Research on RITS Framework Design and Optimization Method", faulitating the development of application systems, granting achievements in these projects .

We sincerely express our gratitude to the National Natural Science Foundation of China, The Ministry of Science and Technology of China, and The Ministry of Railway of China for their financial support. We would also like to thank Dr. Li ping, Dr. Meng yan, Dr. Qinyong, Master Jia Tianli and Master Shao Yikun etc, for their valuable advice, selfless support and assistance for completion of the book. In the process of writing the book, we reviewed a large number of references, to seek clear concepts, using familiar examples to illustrate various theories and methods, which may enable various types of readers to have a clear understanding and knowledge of the optimized design of RITS. With the limitation of the authors' knowledge level and the depth as well as the breadth of research, there must be some irregularities of views, methods and theories in the book, which the readers may duly criticize. This book combines theories and applications closely, and is convenient for readers' self-study. The book is also adequate for colleagues engaged in work and research in the rail transportation field, as well as colleges and universities, graduate students and scientific researchers in interrelated fields.

The Vertebrate Pigmentary System: From pigment cells to Disorders provides readers with fundamental knowledge of the structural and functional aspects of vertebrate pigment cells - melanophores and melanocytes - from their origin to different stages of development to related diseases. Chapters of the book explain the specific regulatory receptors and markers, signaling pathways of skin melanocytes along with the diseases (hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation) in humans associated with their disruption. Concurrently, the etiologies of pigmentary disorders and the various therapeutic approaches for their treatment are presented in focused chapters of the book with updated information from recent publications. A summary of natural product based treatment for hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation rounds up the contents.

This reference is a basic guide for medical students and dermatology residents, and a handy source of information for students, researchers, academicians in the field of pigment cell biology, pharmacology and cosmetology.

It is well known that Intersymbol (ISI) Interference is a limiting factor in many communication environments where it causes an irreducible degradation of the bit error rate (BER) thus imposing an upper limit on the data symbol rate. In order to overcome the ISI problem, an equalizer is implemented in those systems. Among the three types of equalizers - non-blind, semi-blind and blind – the blind equalizer has the benefit of bandwidth saving and there is no need of going through a training phase. Blind equalization algorithms are essentially adaptive filtering algorithms designed such that they do not require the external supply of a desired response to generate the error signal in the output of the adaptive equalization filter. The algorithms generate an estimate of the desired response by applying a nonlinear transformation to sequences involved in the adaptation process. This nonlinearity is designed to minimize a cost function that is implicitly based on higher order statistics (HOS) according to one approach, or calculated directly according to the Bayes rules.

The Whole Story behind Blind Adaptive Equalizers/ Blind Deconvolution gives the readers a full understanding on blind deconvolution. The e-book covers a variety of blind deconvolution/equalization methods based on both cost functions and Bayes rules where simulation results are supplied to support the theory. These include the Maximum Entropy density approximation technique and the Edgeworth Expansion approach used in various blind equalizers. It also describes the relationship between the cost function approach and the approach taken according to Bayes rules. The e-book deals also with the effect of various system parameters (such as the step-size parameter or the equalizer's tap length) have on the obtained equalization performance. This e-book will be of particular interest to advanced communications engineering undergraduate students, graduate students, university instructors and signal processing researchers.

Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) are a biologically aggressive form of breast cancer and constitute approximately 10-15% of all breast cancer patients. Distant metastasis, lack of clinically targeted therapies and prognostic markers, makes the disease difficult to treat. Till now not much work has been carried out on this deadly disease. This book provides an overview of TNBC etiology, its treatment strategies and prognostic markers to identify the outcome of standard therapies. Signalling pathways namely cell proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, apoptosis, autophagy and others involved in complicating the disease have been described in the chapters to convey an understanding about the disease mechanisms. All the possible drugs either in pre-clinical or clinical stages have also been mentioned with data that depicts their efficiency in targeting altered genes. The book also introduces the reader to herbal medicine exhibiting high potency to target TNBC, their synthetic analogs used during chemotherapy and their ability to fight against chemoresistance. The concept of phytonanotechnology has also been discussed. The book helps create awareness among a broad range of readers about TNBC. It points to prioritizing the upgradation of health care facilities and re-designing future treatment strategies to provide maximum benefit to breast cancer patients.