Bentham Science Publishers

Medicinal Chemistry - Fusion of Traditional and Western Medicine is a textbook intended for students taking courses in the various fields of medicinal chemistry, pharmacy, medical and dental programs. Moreover, people working in the pharmaceutical industry and doctors preparing for Medical Board Exams will also find it useful. Since, new drugs are being developed by multi-disciplinary teams; this E-Book describes new paradigms that are emerging in modern biology, biochemistry and medicine. It is therefore a fusion of traditional and western medicine and between systems thinking and reductionist thinking.

The 3rd edition attempts to explain the predictive, preventive, personalized and participatory (P4) paradigm of medicinal chemistry. This edition features new chapters focusing on personalized medicinal chemistry and the endocrine system (with a discussion of bioidentical hormone therapy). Other chapters cover the disease mechanism and associated pharmacology of drugs for several diseases including cancer, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases, the immune system and much more. The new edition also includes an overview of emergent medical problems and possible solutions (such as the flu, ebola virus, global climate change, a shortage of medicines, genetic engineering and stem cell therapy). Drugs that have been approved by the FDA since the 1st edition was written are also included. The book concludes with an explanation of systems thinking in medicinal chemistry, an important, yet rarely explored topic in other medicinal chemistry text books.

The primary objective of this 4-volume book series is to educate PharmD students on the subject of medicinal chemistry. The book set serves as a reference guide to pharmacists on aspects of chemical basis of drug action. This first volume of the series is comprised of 8 chapters focusing on basic background information about medicinal chemistry. It takes a succinct and conceptual approach to introducing important fundamental concepts required for a clear understanding of various facets of pharmacotherapeutic agents, drug metabolism and important biosynthetic pathways that are relevant to drug action. Notable topics covered in this first volume include the scope and importance of medicinal chemistry in pharmacy education, a comprehensive discussion of the organic functional groups present in drugs, and information about four major types of biomolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids) and key heterocyclic ring systems. The concepts of acid-base chemistry and salt formation, and their applications to the drug action and design follow thereafter. These include concepts of solubility and lipid-water partition coefficient (LWPC), isosterism, stereochemical properties, mechanisms of drug action, drug receptor interactions critical for pharmacological responses of drugs, and much more. Students and teachers will be able to integrate the knowledge presented in the book and apply medicinal chemistry concepts to understand the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of therapeutic agents in the body.

The primary objective of this 4-volume book series is to educate PharmD students on the subject of medicinal chemistry. The book set serves as a reference guide to pharmacists on aspects of the chemical basis of drug action. Medicinal Chemistry of Drugs Affecting the Nervous System is the second volume of the series and it presents 8 chapters focusing on a comprehensive account of drugs affecting the nervous system. The volume informs readers about the medicinal chemistry of relevant drugs, which includes the mechanism of drug action, detail structure activity relationships and metabolism as well as clinical significance of drugs affecting autonomic and central nervous system. Chapters in this volume cover cholinergic drugs, adrenergic drugs, antipsychotics, antidepressants, sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics, antiepileptic drugs, anesthetics and antiparkinsonian drugs, respectively. Students and teachers will be able to integrate the knowledge presented in the book and apply medicinal chemistry concepts to understand the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of therapeutic agents in the body. The information offered by the book chapters will give readers a strong neuropharmacology knowledge base required for a practicing pharmacist.

This comprehensive reference explores medicinal plants, phytomedicines, and traditional herbal remedies as potential sources for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. It features 9 chapters authored and edited by renowned experts. The book specifically highlights the promising drug discovery opportunities grounded in bioactive compounds from medicinal plants and herbal medicines, offering insights into combatting SARS-CoV-2 infections and respiratory complications.

Key Highlights:

Drug Discovery Potential: Explores the vast potential of medicinal plants, phytomedicine, and traditional remedies against COVID-19, shedding light on groundbreaking drug discovery avenues.

Cutting-Edge Insights: Provides up-to-date insights into the use of medicinal plants, herbal drugs, and traditional medicines in the fight against COVID-19.

Natural Immune Boosters: Details the use of indigenous herbs, spices, functional foods, and herbal drugs for boosting immunity and preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Drug Repurposing: Highlights innovative drug repurposing strategies using phytomedicine-derived bioactive compounds and phytochemical databases for COVID-19 drug development. Additional features of the book include a reader-friendly introduction to each topic and a list of references for advanced readers. This timely reference is an informative resource for a broad range of readers interested in strategies to control COVID-19, including postgraduate researchers, and pharmaceutical R&D experts. It also serves as a handbook for professionals in clinical and herbal medicine.

This book provides readers a fundamental understanding of the science and applications of medicinal and aromatic plant materials. Chapters of this handbook covers the basics of ethnobotany, (bio)active compounds and their natural sources. Information about the cosmetic, nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses (dyes, tannins and biocides) is also presented. Readers will also learn about concepts central to quality control processes, sustainable management, wild harvesting and the economic valuation of the industrial impact of endemic plants.

The volume also presents a case study of the wormwood (Artemisia absinthium L.), which is helpful in explaining the above concepts.

This book is intended as a handbook for undergraduate students and teaching professionals in research and higher education institutions involved in agricultural engineering, pharmacy, forestry, natural product chemistry. Non experts interested in aromatic and medicinal plant agriculture, transformation and commercialization will also find the content informative.

Medicinal and Environmental Chemistry: Experimental Advances and Simulations is a collection of topics that highlight the use of pharmaceutical chemistry to assess the environment or make drug design and chemical testing more environment friendly.

The eleven chapters included in the second part of this book set cover diverse topics, blending the fields of environmental chemistry and medicinal chemistry and have been authored by experts, scientists and academicians from renowned institutions. This part is more specialized in nature, focusing primarily on the effects of air pollution and water contamination on human health. Chapters covering pharmaceutical interventions and pollution control measures, respectively follow these initial topics.

Part II also features specialized topics that aim to address some unique challenges of the above mentioned problems including antibiotic pollution, pharmaceutical analysis of pollutants, chemosensors, biosteric modifications and new drug development strategies against SARS-CoV2.

Key Features:

1. 11 topics which blend environmental chemistry and medicinal chemistry

2. Contributions from more than 40 experts

3. Includes topics covering effects of air pollution on human health and disease

4. Includes specialized topics on pharmaceutical analysis in the environment, and modifications of compounds for pharmaceutical purposes

5. Bibliographic references

This reference is an essential source of information for readers and scholars involved in environmental chemistry, pollution management and pharmaceutical chemistry courses at graduate and undergraduate levels. Professionals and students involved in occupational medicine will also benefit from the wide range of topics covered.

Melanin is a biological molecule associated with pigmentation in humans and animals. However, melanin has been observed to have other functions such as neuroprotection and energy production. In Melanin, the Master Molecule, researchers summarize several decades worth of knowledge on melanin and its physicochemical properties. Nine chapters explain the intrinsic biochemistry of melanin, comparisons with conventional energy producing and respiratory biomolecules, the property of melanin to transform light energy into chemical energy through the dissociation of the water molecule, and the theories of melanin based energy production in the nervous system, the cell nucleus, muscles and the eye, and the role the role of melanin in the context of ageing. The authors also delve into the possibility of melanin being the key molecule needed to spark life since its water dissociating property through the absorption of light energy emulates the role of chlorophyll, but unlike the latter, it is not limited to the plant cell environment. Hence, melanin is referred to as the master molecule which can provide a missing link to the biochemical processes behind the origin of life.

Melanin, the Master Molecule is an exciting reference for biochemists and laymen interested in the science of melanin and a new perspective on the origin of life as we know it.

Ukot's Back to Basics MCQs (Volume 3) expands the trusted series with a comprehensive collection of multiple-choice questions that sharpen clinical reasoning and reinforce essential concepts across three vital domains of medical practice: Mental Health, General Pediatrics, and Family Medicine.

Designed for medical students, postgraduate trainees, and practicing clinicians, this volume combines exam-focused preparation with real-world applicability. The carefully structured chapters not only test knowledge but also strengthen diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic decision-making, and holistic patient management skills.

Key Features

Covers critical areas of psychiatry including anxiety, mood disorders, schizophrenia, substance use, psychotherapies, and geriatric psychiatry.

Explores pediatric essentials from neonatal care and congenital conditions to malnutrition, infections, tumors, and cardiac disorders.

Integrates principles of family medicine such as holistic care, ethics, genomics, health promotion, preventive strategies, and clinical audit.

Strengthens exam readiness with detailed answers, explanatory notes, and differential diagnoses.

Contains comprehensive index and bibliography for further study and clinical practice.

This monograph provides a current and in-depth review of scholarly information about mesenchymal stem cells and their application in the craniofacial region of the human body. Chapters in this volume cover biological and conceptual information about mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, craniofacial regeneration, new methods of scaffold fabrication, tooth regeneration and three-dimensional printing in dentistry. The book is suitable for clinicians and cell biologists aiming to gain a better understanding of the promising field of craniofacial regenerative medicine.

The book focuses on a new interdisciplinary understanding of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) for better health maintenance. It provides an updated understanding of the underlying principles, possible targets, implementation approaches and the effectiveness of various avoidance strategies in MetS. The chapters cover a wide range of topics, including major advances in general aspects of metabolic syndrome, functional changes, new diagnostic methods, genotype-phenotype associations, the effect of exercise and multitarget pharmacotherapeutic strategies for MetS and perspectives on personalized medicine. It also discusses epigenetic mechanisms underlying MetS-related processes and epigenetic strategies to prevent related diseases. The book also presents summarized information about the associated factors and mechanisms linking cancer and MetS and to identify potential targets for the treatment of these patients. A better understanding of the various linkages will provide greater insight into the management of cancer patients by preventing MetS and related alterations.

Key Features

- Comprehensive information focused on the biological factors and physiological changes associated with metabolic syndrome

- Updates on metabolic syndrome diagnosis and management

- Summarized information on clinical implications for cancer therapy

- Thoroughly referenced chapters with summaries and discussions for quick understanding

The book is an informative resource for interdisciplinary scientists and researchers in life sciences and medicine. Furthermore, it, including the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) pathway, estrogen signaling, visceral adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, aromatase activity, adipokinase production, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, DNA damage and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and their clinical implications in cancer therapy.

The aim of this Ebook is to provide a comprehensive overview of the basic production techniques for manufacturing of metal-based graded materials. A concise description of experimental methods and short analysis of some specific structures obtained are presented. In order to provide an easy-readable text, general mathematical models and specific tools for management of graded structures in metal matrix composites are presented separately in appendices. The movement of solid particles (reinforce phase) in gravity and centrifugal casting are widely discussed. Basic equations, which describe solid particle movement in case of Lorenz force application at graded structure production techniques and comprehensive model of physical phenomena in gasar technology, can also be found in this Ebook. The Ebook is useful for colleagues, who work in the field of graded structures and materials, and who need compact informative view of recent experimental and theoretical approaches in this area.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of metal matrix composite manufacturing, including fabrication methods, characterization techniques, and manufacturing applications. 10 chapters cover fundamental and applied topics on matrix metal composites. The book is a resource for all readers seeking to gain an in-depth understanding of metal matrix composites with its relevance to the modern industry.

Key Features

- Includes fully referenced contributions by experts in materials science

- Provides an introduction to the subject, and a future prospective for a broad range of readers

- Reviews current knowledge on fabrication techniques and structure property relationships of metal matrix composites

- Includes dedicated chapters for reinforced composites (carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, aluminium)

- Includes guidance on material wear and tear and

- Provides an investigation for process optimization for EDM for newly developed composites

It is designed to be an essential resource for students and professionals in the field of materials science and engineering, as well as researchers and engineers working on metal matrix composite in manufacturing industries.

Metallurgy and Technology of Steel Castings is a comprehensive textbook for students and professional engineers in the field of foundry engineering and materials science. The topics covered in this book explain the association between the quality of liquid metal and the properties of the finished cast. Readers will learn about the thermodynamic conditions for addition and recovery of chemical elements (such as Cr, Ni and Mo) in steel, degasifying processes, the influence of alloying additives for manufacturing steel castings that operate in extreme temperatures, anti-corrosive steels and basic cast conditions for making the castings (pouring and heat treatment systems).

Metallurgy and Technology of Steel Castings gives readers essential information about steel and steel cast manufacturing processes and equips them with the knowledge to overcome the challenges faced in the foundry environment.

Methods and Techniques in Nematology discovers the intricate world of nematodes, a comprehensive guide essential for researchers, academics, and enthusiasts alike. This book addresses the methods crucial for studying these unsegmented roundworms, covering everything from sampling techniques to advanced molecular diagnostics and biodiversity analysis.

Key Features:

- Detailed sampling methods for diverse habitats.

- Extraction procedures for soil, root, and entomopathogenic nematodes.

- Microscopic observation techniques including SEM and DIC.

- Molecular diagnostic tools such as PCR and RFLP.

- Introduction to bioinformatics for nematology.

- Comprehensive biodiversity analysis, both conventional and molecular.

- Culturing and greenhouse studies for experimental purposes.

Recent advances in science and technology such as online monitoring techniques, coupling of various processing methods, surface characterization and measurement techniques have greatly promoted the development of ultraprecise machining technology. This precision now falls into the micrometer and nanometer range - hence the name micro & nanomachining technology (MNT).

Machining is a complex phenomenon associated with a variety of different mechanical, physical, and chemical processes.

Common principles defining control mechanisms such as O Jamie de geometry, Newton mechanics, Macroscopic Thermodynamics and Electromagnetics are not applicable to phenomena occurring at the nanometer scale whereas quantum effects, wave characteristics and the microscopic fluctuation become the dominant factors. A remarkable enhancement in computational capability through advanced computer hardware and high performance computation techniques (parallel computation) has enabled researchers to employ large scale parallel numerical simulations to investigate micro & nanomachining technologies and gain insights into related processes.

Micro and Nanomachining Technology - Size, Model and Complex Mechanism introduces readers to the basics of micro & nanomachining (MNT) technology and covers some of the above techniques including molecular dynamics and finite element simulations, as well as complexity property and multiscale MNT methods.

This book meets the growing need of Masters students or Ph.D. students studying nanotechnology, mechanical engineering or materials engineering, allowing them to understand the design and process issues associated with precision machine tools and the fabrication of precision components.

Microalgae could play an important role in the achievement of sustainability goals related to the generation of renewable energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These photosynthetic microorganisms are able to capture CO2 and, therefore, can be used to produce biofuels such as ethanol, methane and green diesel. Other factors, such as their high growth rate, ability to use wastewater as a culture medium and the ability to grow on non-arable land makes them a potentially economical source of biofuel production on a large scale.

This monograph introduces the reader to the basic and applied science of microalgal biofuel production. Chapters in the volume give information about bioethanol and biogas production from microalgal sources, the fermentation process, optimization of culture parameters and industrial applications of biomass projects.

The book is a useful reference for biotechnology and environmental science graduates and professionals interested in biofuel production.

Global plastic production is estimated to be over 300Mt annually. Most conventional plastics are predominantly produced from fossil fuels and are highly resistant to biodegradation, and only a small share of about 20% of spent plastics is believed to be recycled, which is a cause for environmental concern. Biodegradable plastics would solve this concern as they are a sustainable alternative, yet these do not even cover 5% of the global plastic market.

Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a versatile group of polyesters produced by nature as prokaryotic storage materials. PHAs can be produced through sustainable bioprocess engineering and have displayed remarkable flexibility in their physical and chemical properties. PHAs are the subject of several scientific papers and numerous PHA patents have also been filed, generating significant interest in the plastic production industry.

To develop overall sustainable and efficient production processes, all bioprocess steps need to be thoroughly understood and accounted for. These processes start with the selection of suitable inexpensive raw materials (microbes and enzymes), optimizing the process engineering and process regime, and conclude with the enhancement of product recovery in terms of time, energy, and material input.

Microbial Biopolyester Production, Performance and Processing: Bioengineering, Characterization, and Sustainability is a compilation of eight chapters covering bacterial polyesters, green plastics and PHAs from various angles. The contents of this volume focus on sustainable practices focus on the sustainability of processes that involve the synthesis and recycling of these meterials. The volume is a useful resource for bioprocess engineers, microbiologists, biotechnologists and chemical engineers interested in the basics of biodegradable plastic production.

Microbial Insights into Wastewater Treatment and Environmental Sustainability examines the way microorganisms are reshaping the way we tackle environmental challenges, offering practical and science-driven strategies for wastewater remediation, pollution control, and resource recovery. Integrating microbiology, environmental science, and biotechnology, this volume reveals how microbial processes underpin sustainable solutions for ecosystem restoration and global environmental health.

The book begins with foundational concepts, such as the microbial ecology of polluted sites and mechanisms of pollutant sequestration, to specialized topics including arsenic bioremediation, microbe-driven green nanotechnology, and biocontrol innovations. It further investigates plant-microbe partnerships that enhance environmental resilience, and explores cutting-edge molecular and biosensing techniques for real-time environmental monitoring. Case studies highlight the transition from laboratory research to field-scale applications, while forward-looking sections consider microbial nanotechnology for sustainable energy generation and microbial strategies for waste valorization.

Key Features:

Explains microbial roles in pollution mitigation and environmental recovery

Demonstrates sequestration, bioremediation, and nanotechnology-based microbial innovations

Integrates molecular tools and biosensors for environmental health assessment

Applies microbial strategies to wastewater treatment, energy production, and waste management

Highlights real-world case studies linking theory to practice

Incorporates multidisciplinary insights from global research contributors

Advances sustainable development through microbial resource recovery.

Microbiology for ICAR NET: A Comprehensive Exam Preparation Guide is a valuable resource tailored for students preparing for the ICAR NET exam in Microbiology. This guide offers an in-depth overview of key microbiological topics, including microbial physiology, soil microbiology, environmental microbiology, and microbial biotechnology. Organized into eight comprehensive chapters, the book covers foundational concepts such as the scope of microbiology, prokaryotes, and microscopy, while aligning closely with the ICAR NET syllabus.

Ideal for ICAR NET aspirants, this guide also serves as a solid review tool for microbiology students, researchers, and professionals.

Key Features:

- Includes multiple-choice, true/false, and fill-in-the-blank questions for active learning.

- Detailed answer key for self-assessment and concept reinforcement.

- Comprehensive coverage of topics essential for ICAR NET Microbiology exam preparation.

- Covers a wide range of microbiology topics.

Micronutrient Deficiency in Soils and Plants highlights the problems caused by micronutrient deficiencies in vegetative production. This eBook emphasizes on the necessary requirements for plant growth micronutrients, the vital deficiency symptoms of micronutrients and their crucial role in plant metabolism.

The scope of this eBook covers a range of topics including micronutrient deficiency, the availability of micronutrient in soils, plant metabolism and micronutrient solubility.

The contents of this eBook include chapters on micronutrient solubility and availability in soils, the role of micronutrients in plant metabolism and growth and diagnostic tools to assess deficiencies of iron, zinc, copper and other micro-nutrients.

Micronutrient Deficiency in Soils and Plants is a valuable resource for MSc and PhD students, academic personnel and researchers seeking updated and critically important information on major nutritional problems in agricultural soils and crops.

Microplastic Pollution: Causes, Effects, and Control sheds light on the causes, effects, and control of microplastic pollution, providing valuable insights into the tools and techniques for analysis, the impact on ecosystems, and the potential risks to human well-being. The editors focus on the urgency of addressing this global environmental challenge through collaborative efforts and sustainable solutions. This reference features 10 edited chapters covering multiple aspects of microplastic pollution. The book introduces the reader to various tools and techniques used to analyze microplastic pollution in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. It then examines the sources, pathways, and levels of microplastic contamination in the environment and explains how to evaluate the potential health risks for the nearby communities. The impact of microplastic on flora and fauna is presented in one chapter. To emphasize the importance of assessing microplastic contamination, the editors present a case study conducted in Thoothukudi, South India, to explore the implications of microplastic pollution on human health. The book also provides information on solutions to microplastic pollution including the use of bioplastics and removal techniques. Microplastic Pollution: Causes, Effects, and Control equips readers with a complete understanding of the global challenge of microplastics, fostering awareness and encouraging further research and action to protect our ecosystems and human health from their detrimental impact. It is an ideal handbook for environmental science researchers and students who need to understand microplastic pollution and plan environmental impact assessments for academic research and professional projects.

Key Features

- Comprehensive coverage of microplastic pollution with 10 structured chapters

- Informs readers about important parameters to understand and measure the impact of microplastics on local fauna, flora and the surrounding environment

- Covers evaluation and remediation of microplastics in both terrestrial and marine environments

- Includes references for advanced readers

- Includes a case study on the effect of microplastics in Thoothukudi, South India

This volume presents information about protocols for micropropagation of more than 40 species of medicinal plants. The contents combine knowledge about the scientific principles of micropropagation with state of the art updates in tissue culture techniques presented by plant scientists.

The readers will learn about techniques required to grow plants in challenging conditions that aim to reduce the impacts of injudicious harvesting, deforestation, climate change, pollution, urbanization and other factors that limit the ability to meet current demand. General topics such as biotization and pharmaceutical investigation are also included to guide readers about the significance of these plants in research and development for new medicines.

The book provides protocols for micropropagation of important medicinal plants like Rauvolfia serpentina, Catharanthus roseus, Withania somnifera, Tylophora indica, Bacopa monnieri, Aloe vera, Phyllanthus amarus, Allium sativum, Moringa oleifera, Operculina turpethum, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Pterocarpus marsupium, Vetiver grass, Ruta graveolens, Tinospora cordifolia, Kaempferia, Hedychium, Decalepis hamiltonii, Saraca asoca, Wrightia tinctoria, Wrightia arborea, Artemisia absinthium, Aegle marmelos, Atropa acuminata, Atropa belladonna, Alpinia species, Hedychium species, and Cissus species.

This book is a handy reference for medicinal chemists, horticulturists and pharmacists who want to learn about the growth and conservation of important medicinal herbs and plants.

Mind Maps in Biochemistry presents a series of concept and knowledge maps about biochemical compounds, systems and techniques. The book illustrates the relationships between commonly used terms in the subject to convey the meaning of ideas and concepts that facilitate a basic understanding about the subject for readers.

Chapters of the book cover both basic topics (lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, nucleotides, enzymes, metabolic pathways, nutrition and physiology) as well as applied topics (clinical diagnosis, diseases, genetic engineering and molecular biology).

Key Features

i. Topic-based presentation over 16 chapters

ii. Coverage of basic and applied knowledge

iii. Detailed tables, flow diagrams and illustrations with functional information about metabolic pathways and related concepts

iv. Essay and multiple-choice questions with solutions

v. Exercises for students to construct their own mind maps, designed to improve analytical skills

Mind Maps in Biochemistry is an ideal textbook for quick and easy learning for high school and college level students studying biochemistry as well as teachers instructing courses at these levels.